Data for the paper: "The Effects of Restoring Logged Tropical Forests on Avian Phylogenetic and Functional Diversity"

These data relate to the paper: Cosset, C. C. P. and Edwards, D. P. (2017), The effects of restoring logged tropical forests on avian phylogenetic and functional diversity. Ecol Appl, 27: 1932–1945. doi:10.1002/eap.1578 Data
Information

Community matrix for avian point
count data (Sp.Matrix.point1) and mist-net data (Sp.Matrix.Mist) containing
species names and avian abundance for each point count station/transect.

Sp.Matrix.point1: Column 1
are the different point-count stations numbered 1-108 (1-48 are in unlogged
forests, 49-72 are in naturally regenerating logged forests, 73-108 are in
restored logged forests). Row 1 are the scientific names for the avian species
and below them are the abundances or absences (0) of the species that occur at
the different point-count stations.

Sp.Matrix.Mist: Column 1
are the different transects with names UL in unlogged forests, NR in naturally
regenerating logged forests and R in restored logged forests. Row 1 are the
scientific names for the avian species and below them are the abundances or
absences (0) of the species that occur at the different transects.

Data collection method:

Two
avian communities (overall bird
community, understorey bird community) were sampled in 3 habitat types
(unlogged forests, naturally regenerating logged forests, restored logged forests)
in the lowland dry dipterocarp forests of the one million hectare Yayasan Sabah
(YS) logging concession in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Data for both communities were
extracted from Ansell et al. (2011)
and Edwards et al. (2013, 2014a).

Overall
bird community (Point Count Data): Point count surveys with unlimited-radius
were conducted from May – September 2008 and May – June 2009. At sites created
within each habitat type, we sampled 12 point-count stations per site with each
station separated by 250 m (48 point-count stations in unlogged forests, 24 in
naturally regenerating forests, and 36 in restored forests). Point-count
surveys occurred for 15 minutes on three consecutive days from 0545 – 1000 h.
Each site was only sampled in one year, and any temporal effects (within or
between years) were minimized by rotating sampling between the different
habitat types. The highest number of individual birds recorded for a certain
species on any of the three days was taken as our estimate of maximum abundance
but not the species’ true abundance, which is unknown. All point counts were
conducted by a single experienced observer (D. P. Edwards) to minimise the
potential for observer bias.

Understorey
bird community (Mist Net Data): Mist netting was conducted
from June – October 2007, May – September 2008 and May – July 2009. Fifty-four
transects were created (18 transects in unlogged primary forests, 18 in
naturally regenerating logged forests and 18 in restored logged forests) with
transects within each habitat placed at least 500 m apart. Each transect
contained 15 mist nets (12 x 2.7 m; mesh size 25 mm) placed end to end.
Sampling occurred for three consecutive days from 0600 – 1200 h. Each site was
only sampled in one year, and any temporal effects (i.e., within or between
years) were minimized by rotating sampling between the different habitat types.
To ensure that individual birds were sampled only once, each bird was marked
with a uniquely numbered metal leg ring. Totalling the unique individuals of
each species across the three sampling days gave an estimate of maximum
abundance, but not a species’ true abundance, which is unknown.

References

Ansell, F. A., D. P.
Edwards, and K. C. Hamer. 2011. Rehabilitation of logged rain forests:
avifaunal composition, habitat structure, and implications for
biodiversity-friendly REDD+. Biotropica 43:504–511.

Edwards, F. A., D. P. Edwards,
K.C. Hamer, and R. G. Davies. 2013. Impacts of logging and conversion of
rainforest to oil palm on the functional diversity of birds in Sundaland. Ibis
155:313–326.

Edwards,
D. P., et al. 2014a. Selective-logging and
oil palm: multi-taxon impacts,
biodiversity indicators, and trade-offs for conservation planning. Ecological Applications
24:2029-2049.

这些数据与论文《Cosset, C. C. P. 和 Edwards, D. P. (2017), 恢复采伐的热带森林对鸟类系统发育和功能多样性的影响。生态应用，27: 1932–1945. doi:10.1002/eap.1578》相关。数据信息

鸟类点计数数据（Sp.Matrix.point1）和迷网数据（Sp.Matrix.Mist）的社区矩阵包含物种名称和每个点计数站/样带的鸟类丰度。

Sp.Matrix.point1: 列1是不同的点计数站，编号为1-108（1-48位于未采伐森林中，49-72位于自然恢复采伐森林中，73-108位于恢复采伐森林中）。行1是鸟类物种的科学名称，其下是不同点计数站出现的物种的丰度或缺失（0）。

Sp.Matrix.Mist: 列1是不同的样带，未采伐森林中标记为UL，自然恢复采伐森林中标记为NR，恢复采伐森林中标记为R。行1是鸟类物种的科学名称，其下是不同样带出现的物种的丰度或缺失（0）。

数据收集方法：
在马来西亚沙巴婆罗洲一百万公顷Yayasan Sabah（YS）采伐特许权内的低地干燥桉树林中，对两种鸟类群落（总体鸟类群落和林下鸟类群落）进行了采样，采样地点包括三种生境类型（未采伐森林、自然恢复采伐森林、恢复采伐森林）。两种群落的数据均来自Ansell et al.（2011）和Edwards et al.（2013, 2014a）。

总体鸟类群落（点计数数据）：于2008年5月至9月以及2009年5月至6月进行了无限半径的点计数调查。在每个生境类型内创建的地点，每个地点采样12个点计数站，每个站点之间相隔250米（未采伐森林中有48个点计数站，自然恢复森林中有24个，恢复森林中有36个）。在连续三天的0545至1000时期间进行了15分钟的点计数调查。每个地点只在一个年份内进行采样，并通过在不同生境类型之间轮换采样来最小化时间效应（年内或年际）。记录的某种特定物种在任何三天中的最高个体数被视为最大丰度估计，但并非该物种的真实丰度，后者是未知的。所有点计数调查均由一名经验丰富的观察者（D. P. Edwards）进行，以最小化观察者偏差的可能性。

林下鸟类群落（迷网数据）：迷网调查于2007年6月至10月、2008年5月至9月以及2009年5月至7月进行。创建了54个样带（未采伐原生森林中有18个样带，自然恢复采伐森林中有18个，恢复采伐森林中也有18个），每个生境类型内的样带之间至少相隔500米。每个样带有15个迷网（12 x 2.7米；网眼尺寸25毫米）依次放置。在0600至1200时期间进行了连续三天的采样。每个地点只在一个年份内进行采样，并通过在不同生境类型之间轮换采样来最小化时间效应（即在年份内或年际之间）。为确保每个个体鸟类只被采样一次，每只鸟都被标记上了独一无二的金属腿环。将三个采样日中每个物种的独特个体总数相加，以估计最大丰度，但并非一个物种的真实丰度，后者是未知的。

参考文献
Ansell, F. A., D. P. Edwards, 和 K. C. Hamer. 2011. 采伐雨林的恢复：鸟类的群落组成、生境结构和对于有利于生物多样性 REDD+ 的启示。生物热带学43: 504–511。
Edwards, F. A., D. P. Edwards, K.C. Hamer, 和 R. G. Davies. 2013. 采伐和雨林转为油棕对苏门答腊鸟类功能多样性的影响。鸻鹬155: 313–326。
Edwards, D. P. 等. 2014a. 选择性采伐和油棕：多分类群的影响、生物多样性指标和 Conservation Planning 的权衡。生态应用24: 2029-2049。