The mean strength and direction of estimated total phenotypic selection (<i>S_TS</i>) and direct selection (<i>S_-b</i>) in two experimental years on each of five phenological traits of <i>Gilia tricolor</i>.

Mean selection coefficients were calculated by separate bootstrapped generalized linear mixed models that predict relative fitness from standardized values of each trait. Plot was a random effect in each model. For S-b, standardized biomass was included as a covariate. Selection coefficients in bold have 95% confidence intervals that do not overlap zero; years with the same letter are within overlapping confidence intervals (see supporting information).