Data from: Conservation genetics of Neotropical pollinators revisited: microsatellite analysis suggests that diploid males are rare in orchid bees

Allozyme analyses have suggested that Neotropical orchid bee (Euglossini) pollinators are vulnerable because of putative high frequencies of diploid males, a result of loss of sex allele diversity in small hymenopteran populations with single locus complementary sex determination. Our analysis of 1010 males from 27 species of euglossine bees sampled across the Neotropics at 2-11 polymorphic microsatellite loci revealed only 5 diploid males at an overall frequency of 0.005 (95% CIs 0.002-0.010); errors through genetic non-detection of diploid males were likely small. In contrast to allozyme-based studies, we detected very weak or insignificant population genetic structure, even for a pair of populations >500 km apart, possibly accounting for low diploid male frequencies. Technical flaws in previous allozyme-based analyses have probably led to considerable overestimation of diploid male production in orchid bees. Other factors may have a more immediate impact on population persistence than the genetic load imposed by diploid males on these important Neotropical pollinators.同工酶（allozymes）分析表明，新热带区兰花蜂（Euglossini）传粉者易受生存威胁，据推测其成因是二倍体雄蜂的高发率——这一现象源于采用单基因互补性别决定（single locus complementary sex determination）机制的小型膜翅目种群中，性别等位基因多样性的丧失。我们对横跨新热带区采集的27种兰花蜂的1010头雄蜂，在2至11个多态性微卫星位点（microsatellite loci）上开展遗传分析，仅检测到5头二倍体雄蜂，总体检出频率为0.005（95%置信区间（CIs）0.002-0.010）；二倍体雄蜂的遗传检测漏检误差大概率极小。与基于同工酶的既往研究结果不同，我们仅检测到极弱或无统计学显著性的种群遗传结构（population genetic structure），即便对于间隔超过500公里的两个种群亦是如此，这或可解释二倍体雄蜂频率偏低的原因。此前基于同工酶的分析存在技术缺陷，大概率极大高估了兰花蜂的二倍体雄蜂产生率。相较于二倍体雄蜂给这类重要的新热带区传粉者带来的遗传负荷，其他因素或许对种群存续具有更直接的影响。