Mineralogical and geochemical composition of the weathering profile from the Mulanxi catchment

This dataset reported the mineralogical and geochemical composition of the weathering profile (~ 30 m) from the Mulanxi catchment. The sampling location is located in Xianyou County, Putian City, Fujian Province, approximately 50 km inland from the East China Sea (118°44.694′E, 25°21.853′N). The region experiences a subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by warm, humid summers from June to August and mild, relatively dry winters from December to February. The bedrock is a white-colored leucogranite, with a SiO₂ concentration of approximately 76%, and contains virtually no dark minerals, as confirmed by XRD analysis. The dominant minerals in the unaltered, hard bedrock are K-feldspar, albite, and quartz. Above a depth of ~22 meters, no primary minerals except quartz were detectable in the bulk regolith, as evidenced by XRD. Kaolinite, and to a lesser extent illite, are the dominant secondary minerals present.
Specifically, we reported Mg isotope composition of the bulk composition, clay-sized fraction and exchangeable fraction of the regolith sediments at most depths. We found that kaolinite preferentially incorporates light Mg isotopes and illite preferentially incorporates heavy isotopes.
Table S1 Mg isotope composition of bulk regolith, clay-sized fraction, and exchangeable fraction in the weathering profile from the Mulanxi catchment.
Table S2 Mineralogical composition of bulk regolith and clay-sized fraction in the weathering profile from the Mulanxi catchment.
Table S3 Major and trace element composition of bulk regolith and clay-sized fraction in the weathering profile from the Mulanxi catchment.