Bilbao's use of art and culture as a remedy for deindustrialization: the implications of redevelopments homogenous use public art

The rise of information technologies, deindustrialization and economic decline were significant contributors to the financial collapse of Bilbao’s shipyards and mining operations, which in turn forced the city to undertake a redevelopment plan. This plan would transform the deindustrialized wasteland into a cultural destination for the “global tourist” via recognizable public art, making the city an economic success through the utilization of art as a commercial commodity. Public art within the redevelopment plan of Bilbao, Spain became part of the visual branding elements used as a marketing tool to attract cultural tourism. Based on the region’s historic background, the artwork selected for this site should better reflect the cultural heritage and historic nature of the area in which it is located.信息技术的兴起、去工业化进程与经济衰退，是毕尔巴鄂造船厂与矿业业务陷入财务崩溃的重要诱因；这一困境反过来迫使该市启动重建计划。该计划旨在通过辨识度极高的公共艺术，将这片去工业化后的荒芜地带打造为面向“全球游客”的文化目的地，并通过将艺术作为商业商品的路径，推动该市重获经济成功。西班牙毕尔巴鄂重建计划中的公共艺术，已成为视觉品牌化元素的组成部分，被用作吸引文化旅游的营销工具。基于该地区的历史背景，为该场地遴选的艺术作品应更好地展现其所处区域的文化遗产与历史属性。