CCS - MV Bluefin 2017 V01 Bioacoustics

Project Overview: A range of solutions will be required to reach globally agreed emissions reductions targets for carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is part of the suite of technologies that will contribute to lowering atmospheric emissions of CO2 from Australia's energy system. There are a wide variety of technologies at various stages of technical and commercial readiness, with more development underway for cost effective CO2 capture and storage. Our research will provide new knowledge to inform cost-efficient measurement, monitoring and verification (MMV) of the environment of CCS projects in coastal waters.
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This bio-acoustic data was collected during a December 2017 voyage on the Australian Maritime College training vessel MV Bluefin as part of the Carbon Capture and Storage project. The survey was conducted in the nearshore of the Gippsland region. See voyage report MV Bluefin 201701 Voyage Summary.docx for detailed overview of the voyage.
Four frequency bio-acoustic water column and seafloor backscatter.
Simrad 38 kHz and 120 kHz echosounders are part of the Bluefin’s installed instrument suite. The 70 and 200 kHz echosounders are a temporary installation for this voyage. The transducers were mounted in a custom flange attached to the bottom of the vessel. 30 m transducer extension cables connect to the topside Simrad WBT Tube transceiver. Data was acquired using Simrad EK80 Version 1.12 software logging at EK60 resolution. Acoustic data was recorded in local time. Ship’s GPS was embedded in the acoustic data files for most of the voyage but some gaps occurred due to software issues. Ascii gps files at 1 and 10 second intervals are available that cover the duration of the voyage. GPS is also embedded in the multibeam data as a redundant source.

Echosounder details:
Echosounder | Frequency | Mode | Transceiver Serial no | Transducer Model & serial No | Comments
Simrad EK60 | 38 kHz | CW | | ES38B, SN30333 | Using CSIRO EK60 GPT on loan as MV Bluefin GPT was faulty.
Simrad EK60 | 120 kHz | CW | | ES120-7C, Xxxxx |
Simrad WBT Tube | 70 kHz | CW | 253692 | ES70-CD, 121 |
Simrad WBT Tube | 200 kHz | CW | 253687 | ES200-CDK |

Survey settings:
Frequency (kHz) | Power | Pulse duration (ms) | Logging Range (m)
38 | 200* | 1.024 | 60
70 | 100* | 1.024 | 60
120 | 250 | 1.024 | 60
200 | 105 | 1.024 | 60

*Note, calibration was carried out at 2000 W and 500 W for 38 and 70 kHz respectively. Follow up work is planned to like the higher powered calibration data to the lower powered field settings

Calibration Information:
Bio-acoustic system was calibrated using the standard sphere method for survey settings on 6th of December 2017 at Beauty Point. See separate calibration report for details
\\fstas1-hba.nexus.csiro.au\ICT-Share\Equipment\Acoustic_Calibration\Reports\Vessel_Calibration_Reports\Bluefin_201701\December_6th_2017\Bluefin December 6th 2017.docx

项目概述：要达成全球共识的二氧化碳减排目标，需依托一系列解决方案。碳捕获与封存（Carbon Capture and Storage，CCS）是助力降低澳大利亚能源体系向大气排放二氧化碳的技术组合之一。当前已有多种处于不同技术与商业化成熟度阶段的相关技术，且针对低成本高效的二氧化碳捕获与封存技术的研发仍在持续推进中。本研究将提供全新的知识支撑，为近岸海域CCS项目的环境成本效益型测量、监测与验证（Measurement, Monitoring and Verification，MMV）工作提供决策依据。
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本生物声学数据采集于2017年12月的航次，搭载平台为澳大利亚海事学院训练船MV Bluefin，作为碳捕获与封存项目的一部分开展作业。本次勘测在吉普斯兰（Gippsland）区域近岸海域进行。航次详细概况可参阅《MV Bluefin 201701航次总结报告》（MV Bluefin 201701 Voyage Summary.docx）。
本次采集了四个频段的生物声学水体与海底后向散射数据。

Simrad 38 kHz与120 kHz回声测深仪为MV Bluefin的标配安装仪器套件。70 kHz与200 kHz回声测深仪为本次航次临时加装设备。换能器安装于固定在船底的定制法兰盘上。30米长的换能器延伸线缆连接至水面端的Simrad WBT Tube收发机。数据通过Simrad EK80软件V1.12版本采集，记录格式采用EK60分辨率格式。声学数据以当地时间记录。本次航次多数时段内，船舶GPS数据已嵌入声学数据文件，但因软件故障出现过部分数据缺失。航次全程均有1秒与10秒间隔的ASCII格式GPS文件可供使用，且多波束数据中也嵌入了GPS数据作为冗余数据源。

回声测深仪详情：
| 回声测深仪型号 | 频段 | 工作模式 | 收发机序列号 | 换能器型号与序列号 | 备注 |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| Simrad EK60 | 38 kHz | 连续波（CW） | 无 | ES38B，序列号SN30333 | 因MV Bluefin的GPT设备故障，临时借用CSIRO的EK60 GPT设备。 |
| Simrad EK60 | 120 kHz | 连续波（CW） | 无 | ES120-7C，Xxxxx | |
| Simrad WBT Tube | 70 kHz | 连续波（CW） | 253692 | ES70-CD，121 | |
| Simrad WBT Tube | 200 kHz | 连续波（CW） | 253687 | ES200-CDK | |

勘测参数设置：
| 频段（kHz） | 发射功率 | 脉冲时长（ms） | 记录量程（m） |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| 38 | 200* | 1.024 | 60 |
| 70 | 100* | 1.024 | 60 |
| 120 | 250 | 1.024 | 60 |
| 200 | 105 | 1.024 | 60 |

*注：38 kHz与70 kHz频段的校准分别采用2000 W与500 W功率完成。后续计划开展相关工作，将高功率校准数据匹配至低功率现场采集设置。

校准信息：
本生物声学系统于2017年12月6日在Beauty Point（美丽角）采用标准球体法针对本次勘测参数设置完成校准。详细信息可参阅独立校准报告：\fstas1-hba.nexus.csiro.au\ICT-Share\Equipment\Acoustic_Calibration\Reports\Vessel_Calibration_Reports\Bluefin_201701\December_6th_2017\Bluefin December 6th 2017.docx