MODFLOW-2005 and MODPATH6 models used to delineate areas contributing groundwater to selected surface receiving waters for long-term average hydrologic stress conditions from 1968 to 1983, Long Island, New York

A regional groundwater-flow model and particle-tracking program were used to delineate areas contributing groundwater to coastal and freshwater bodies and to estimate travel times from the water table to saline water bodies under average conditions from 1968 to 1983 on Long Island, New York. The coastal waters of Long Island are important economic and recreational resources for the region. The coastal water bodies receive freshwater from inflow of both surface water and groundwater, in addition to tidal exchanges of saltwater. Excessive nitrogen inputs associated with development and urbanization in the freshwater recharge areas to coastal water bodies can adversely affect marine and estuarine ecosystems. The results from this study will be beneficial for developing informed strategies to address nutrient loading to these systems, to provide a basis for additional scientific studies, and to engage the public. This is the first phase in the development of an updated groundwater-flow model for Long Island as part of the National Water Quality assessment Program (NAWQA). The study modified and used the model documented in the publication 'Simulation of the effects of development of the ground-water flow system of Long Island, New York by Herbert T. Buxton and Douglas A. Smolensky (https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/wri984069). This data release contains all of the model input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165138).本研究依托区域地下水流模型（regional groundwater-flow model）与粒子追踪程序（particle-tracking program），针对美国纽约长岛1968-1983年的平均水文条件，圈定了向海岸及淡水水体补给地下水的汇水区，并估算了地下水位至咸水体的地下水运移时间。长岛近岸海域是该区域重要的经济与休闲旅游资源。近岸水体除咸水潮汐交换外，还可通过地表水与地下水补给获取淡水。海岸淡水补给区因开发与城市化产生的过量氮输入，会对海洋与河口生态系统造成不利影响。本研究成果可为制定针对该系统的养分负荷治理策略提供支撑，为后续科学研究奠定基础，同时助力公众科普教育。本研究作为美国国家水质评估计划（National Water Quality Assessment Program, NAWQA）的一部分，是长岛更新版地下水流模型开发的第一阶段。研究团队对Herbert T. Buxton与Douglas A. Smolensky发表的文献《纽约长岛地下水流系统开发效应模拟》（https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/wri984069）中记载的模型进行了修改并加以应用。本数据集发布内容包含相关模型文档报告（https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165138）中所述模拟的全部模型输入与输出文件。