Data_Sheet_1_The Effects of Sports Drinks During High-Intensity Exercise on the Carbohydrate Oxidation Rate Among Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PDF

Background: This study examines the effects of sports drinks ingestion during high-intensity exercise for carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO-O) among athletes.Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched for available papers published up to November 2019. The primary outcome is the carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO-O), and the secondary outcome is the fat oxidation rate (Fat-O). Statistical heterogeneity among the included studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q test and the I2 index. The random-effects model was used for all analyses, regardless of the I2 index.Results: Five studies are included, with a total of 58 participants (range, 8–14/study). All five studies are randomized crossover trials. Compared to the control beverages, sports drinks have no impact on the CHO-O of athletes [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.29; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.65, P = 0.106; I2 = 97.4%, P < 0.001] and on the Fat-O of athletes (WMD = −0.074; 95% CI, −0.19 to 0.06, P = 0.297; I2 = 97.5%, P < 0.001). Carbohydrate–electrolyte solutions increase CHO-O (WMD = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.08–0.87, P = 0.020; I2 = 97.8%, P < 0.001) but not Fat-O (WMD = −0.14; 95% CI, −0.31 to 0.03, P = 0.103; I2 = 98.2%, P < 0.001). Caffeine has a borderline effect on Fat-O (WMD = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.00–0.10, P = 0.050).Conclusions: Compared with the control beverages, sports drinks show no significant improvement in CHO-O and Fat-O in athletes. Carbohydrate–electrolyte solutions increase CHO-O in athletes but not Fat-O.

背景：本研究旨在探讨运动员在高强度运动过程中摄入运动饮料对碳水化合物氧化率（CHO-O）的影响。方法：通过检索PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆，收集截至2019年11月发布的所有相关论文。主要研究终点为碳水化合物氧化率（CHO-O），次要研究终点为脂肪氧化率（Fat-O）。采用Cochran's Q检验和I2指数评估纳入研究的统计异质性。所有分析均采用随机效应模型，无论I2指数如何。结果：纳入5项研究，共包含58名参与者（范围：8-14/项研究）。所有5项研究均为随机交叉试验。与对照饮料相比，运动饮料对运动员的CHO-O [加权平均差异（WMD）= 0.29；95% CI，-0.06至0.65，P = 0.106；I2 = 97.4%，P < 0.001] 和Fat-O [WMD = -0.074；95% CI，-0.19至0.06，P = 0.297；I2 = 97.5%，P < 0.001] 均无显著影响。碳水化合物-电解质溶液可提高CHO-O（WMD = 0.47；95% CI，0.08-0.87，P = 0.020；I2 = 97.8%，P < 0.001），但对Fat-O无显著影响（WMD = -0.14；95% CI，-0.31至0.03，P = 0.103；I2 = 98.2%，P < 0.001）。咖啡因对Fat-O的影响边缘（WMD = 0.05；95% CI，0.00-0.10，P = 0.050）。结论：与对照饮料相比，运动饮料在运动员的CHO-O和Fat-O方面未见显著改善。碳水化合物-电解质溶液可提高运动员的CHO-O，但对Fat-O无显著影响。