Earth Surface Temperature

Early data was collected by technicians using mercury thermometers, where any variation in the visit time impacted measurements. In the 1940s, the construction of airports caused many weather stations to be moved. In the 1980s, there was a move to electronic thermometers that are said to have a cooling bias.Given this complexity, there are a range of organizations that collate climate trends data. The three most cited land and ocean temperature data sets are NOAA’s MLOST, NASA’s GISTEMP and the UK’s HadCrut.The Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature Study combines 1.6 billion temperature reports from 16 pre-existing archives. It is nicely packaged and allows for slicing into interesting subsets (for example by country). They publish the source data and the code for the transformations they applied. They also use methods that allow weather observations from shorter time series to be included, meaning fewer observations need to be thrown away.

早期数据由技术人员利用水银温度计收集，其中访问时间的任何变化都会影响测量结果。20世纪40年代，机场的建设导致众多气象站搬迁。20世纪80年代，转向使用电子温度计，据称这些温度计存在冷却偏差。鉴于这种复杂性，存在众多机构负责整理气候趋势数据。被广泛引用的陆地和海洋温度数据集包括美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）的MLOST、美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的GISTEMP以及英国哈德莱气候变化研究所（HadCrut）。加州大学伯克利分校地球表面温度研究项目综合了来自16个现有档案的16亿条温度报告。数据集结构良好，便于切割成感兴趣的子集（例如按国家划分）。他们发布了源数据和所应用转换的代码。此外，他们还采用了允许将较短时间序列的气象观测纳入的方法，这意味着需要舍弃的观测数据量更少。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

Earth Surface Temperature数据集整合了来自多个来源的全球温度数据，时间跨度从1750年至今，包含陆地、海洋及特定地区的温度记录。数据集以CSV格式提供，支持按国家、州和城市等维度进行细分分析，适用于气候变化和环境研究。