GABATLAS 15 Winton Mackunda aquifer and equivalents

## **Abstract** \n\nThis dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are presented here as originally supplied.\n\n\n\nThe Adori-Springbok Aquifer - Thickness and Extent data sets, are part of a set that represents the hydrostratigraphic units of the Great Artesian Basin, which include five major aquifers, four intervening aquitards, and the Cenozoic cover to the GAB. \n\n\n\nThere are five layers in the Adori-Springbok Aquifer map data. \n\nA: Formation Extent \n\nB: Outcrop extent \n\nC: Isopach Raster \n\nD: Isopach Contours \n\nE: Data Point Locations \n\n\n\nThe datasets have been derived from the lithostratigraphic intercepts in drillhole data from petroleum exploration wells, water bores, and stratigraphic wells. Seismic correlation and assessment of hydrogeological character based on electrofacies have not been used. The working datasest for this study has been derived primarily from the following databases: \n\n1. PEPS-SA (Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia) (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011) \n\n2. WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011) \n\n3. QPED (Queensland Petroleum exploration database) (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010). \n\n4. GABLOG (Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset) (Habermehl, 2001) \n\n5. Additional supplementary information was derived from published reports listed in the following section. \n\n\n\nThis is a regional interpretation for mapping at approximately 1:1 000 000 to produce a broad scale overview, and examination of small areas by collecting extra data is most likely to produce results that differ from this regional interpretation. \n\n\n\nThis dataset and associated metadata can be obtained from www.ga.gov.au, using catalogue number 81680. \n\n\n\nAssociated report reference: \n\nRansley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2014. Hydrogeological Atlas the Great Artesian Basin. Geoscience Australia. Canberra. \\[available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 79790\\] \n\n\n\nReferences - main data sources \n\n· Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA (2011). Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia (PEPS-SA). Version 2011-06-15. Retrieved from http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/petroleum/access_to_data/peps-sa_database \n\n· Geological Survey of Queensland (2010). Queensland Petroleum Exploration Data (QPED) database. Retrieved 25 September 2011, from\n\nhttp://mines.industry.qld.gov.au/geoscience/geoscience-wireline-log-data.htm. \n\n· Govt. of South Australia (2011). WaterConnect Groundwater database \\[available at https://www.waterconnect.sa.gov.au\\]. \n\n· Geoscience Australia, 2013. Mesozoic Geology of the Carpentaria and Laura Basins. Scale 1:6000000. Geoscience Australia, Canberra. \\[available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 75840\\] \n\n· Habermehl, M. A. (2001). Wire-line logged water bores in the Great Artesian Basin, Australia - digital data of logs and water bore data acquired by AGSO. Australian Geological Survey Organisation Bulletin 245. Canberra, Bureau of Rural Sciences: ix, 98 p.\n\n## **Dataset History** \n\nSOURCE DATA: \n\nData was obtained from a variety of sources, as listed below: \n\n1. WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011) \n\n2. Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset (GABLOG) (Habermehl, M. A., 2001). \n\n3. Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia (PEPS-SA) (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011). \n\n4. Queensland Petroleum Exploration Database (QPED) (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010). \n\n5. Well completion and drill log reports (see references in abstract) \n\n6. Other reports (see references in abstract) \n\n7. Seismic surveys and associated reports (see seismic references section in abstract) \n\n\n\nMETHOD: \n\nFormation Extent \n\nExtents were based on drillhole data from GABLOG (Habermehl, M. A., 2001), PEPS-SA (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011), QPED (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010) and WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011). Extent lines were adjusted to envelop all intercepts of the Hydrostratigraphic unit. This produced some varied and irregular shapes, some patchy regions, and required some interpretation to establish the most likely extent boundary. \n\n\n\nOutcrop Extent \n\nOutcrop extents came from 'Hydrogeology of the Great Artesian Basin Australia' (Habermehl & Lau, 1997) for the Eromanga and Surat sub-basins. For the Carpentaria Basin, Mesozoic Geology of the Carpentaria and Laura Basins (Geoscience Australia, 2013) was used. \n\n\n\nIsopach Raster \n\nSource point thickness values calculated from drillhole intercepts were extrapolated using the ESRI ANUDEM Topo-To-Raster surface modeller. Zero thickness constraints were applied at the known extent of the aquifer/aquitard, except in cases where the formation extends beyond the GAB boundary (for example the Precipice formation on the eastern side of the GAB, where the formation is quite thick and is exposed as a cliff). In these cases, constraints were not applied and the software was allowed to model a thickness right up to the GAB boundary. Resulting grids were modified using the ESRI Grid Calculator to set the minimum thickness to 0, and clipped to the aquifer/aquitard extent. \n\n\n\nIsopach Contour \n\nIsopach contours were calculated from the Adori-Springbok aquifer thickness grid using the ESRI Contour Tool. These were calculated at 50m intervals. In most cases the zero contour lines generated by the tool were replaced by the extent of the aquifer due to the erratic nature of the generated lines. In cases where the aquifer/aquitard is thick at the extent, the zero isoline is outside the extent and is not mapped in that area. Isopachs were clipped to the aquifer/aquitard extent. \n\n\n\nData Point Locations \n\nData Point Locations have been derived from the bore hole data collected for this project. Only the location has been included.\n\n\n\nSOFTWARE: \n\nAll modifications/edits and geoprocessing were performed using ESRI ArcGIS 10 software. \n\n\n\nQAQC: \n\nData sets were searched for errors such as negative thickness, missing data, incorrectly calculated thickness, aquifers/aquitards with missing formations, and false XY data. The data was given a second Q&A after the thickness grids had been calculated. This involve plotting the points and the thickness grid and looking carefully for bad values. Sometimes a false outlier value would cause a 'bullseye' effect on the grid. To check the veracity, nearby data would be compared, and if necessary the original data would be searched check the value. Some petroleum fields would have wildcat picks at certain bore holes and these were compared with nearby boreholes and adjusted or deleted. Additionally, if whole subregions had suspect values the data was check to ensure the relevant data had all been included. Finally, data sets were also checked to ensure the bore whole data recorded the full thickness of the Aquifer. In many cases water bores only go down until a suitable water source is found and often will not penetrate the whole aquifer. This data was considered on a case by case basis, in areas where plenty of suitable data was available they were removed, and in areas of sparse borehole data they were included to establish the occurrence of the formation albeit as a minimum thickness value. \n\n\n\nData has undergone a QAQC verification process in order to capture and repair attribute and geometric errors.\n\n## **Dataset Citation** \n\nGeoscience Australia (2014) GABATLAS 15 Winton Mackunda aquifer and equivalents. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 07 December 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/2e1e0572-a43c-448e-be15-18abf848ab5c.

**摘要**

本数据集及其元数据声明由第三方提供给生物区域评估计划（Bioregional Assessment Programme），此处按原始提交版本呈现。

阿多里-斯普林博克含水层（Adori-Springbok Aquifer）厚度与范围数据集，属于代表大自流盆地（Great Artesian Basin, GAB）水文地层单元（hydrostratigraphic units）的数据集集合，该集合包含5个主要含水层（aquifer）、4个夹层隔水层（aquitard）以及覆盖大自流盆地的新生代盖层（Cenozoic cover）。

阿多里-斯普林博克含水层地图数据共包含5个图层：

A: 地层范围（Formation Extent）

B: 露头范围（Outcrop extent）

C: 等厚栅格（Isopach Raster）

D: 等厚等值线（Isopach Contours）

E: 数据点位置（Data Point Locations）

本数据集源自石油勘探井（petroleum exploration wells）、水井（water bores）以及地层井（stratigraphic wells）的钻孔（drillhole）数据中的岩石地层截值，未使用地震对比以及基于电相（electrofacies）的水文地质特征评估。本研究的工作数据集主要源自以下数据库：

1. PEPS-SA（南澳石油勘探与生产系统，Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia）（南澳第一产业与区域部，2011年）

2. 水连接地下水数据库（WaterConnect Groundwater database）（南澳政府，2011年）

3. QPED（昆士兰州石油勘探数据库，Queensland Petroleum exploration database）（昆士兰州地质调查局，2010年）

4. GABLOG（大自流盆地测井数据集，Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset）（Habermehl，2001年）

5. 补充信息源自下文列出的已发表报告。

本研究为约1:1000000比例尺的区域解译，旨在生成宏观概览；通过收集额外数据对小区域进行详细核查，所得结果大概率与本区域解译存在差异。

本数据集及相关元数据可通过目录编号81680从www.ga.gov.au获取。

关联报告参考文献：

Ransley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. 及 Stewart, G., 2014年。《大自流盆地水文地质图集》（Hydrogeological Atlas the Great Artesian Basin）。澳大利亚地质调查局（Geoscience Australia），堪培拉。[可通过目录编号79790从www.ga.gov.au获取]

参考文献 - 主要数据源

· 南澳第一产业与区域部（2011年）。《南澳石油勘探与生产系统（PEPS-SA）》，版本2011-06-15。检索自http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/petroleum/access_to_data/peps-sa_database

· 昆士兰州地质调查局（2010年）。《昆士兰州石油勘探数据（QPED）数据库》，2011年9月25日检索自http://mines.industry.qld.gov.au/geoscience/geoscience-wireline-log-data.htm

· 南澳政府（2011年）。水连接地下水数据库[可从https://www.waterconnect.sa.gov.au获取]

· 澳大利亚地质调查局（2013年）。《卡奔塔利亚与劳拉盆地中生代地质》，比例尺1:6000000。澳大利亚地质调查局，堪培拉。[可通过目录编号75840从www.ga.gov.au获取]

· Habermehl, M. A.（2001年）。《澳大利亚大自流盆地测井水井数据——AGSO获取的测井与水井数字数据集》。澳大利亚地质调查局公报245。堪培拉，农村科学局：ix, 98页。

## **数据集历史**

源数据：

数据源自以下多种渠道：

1. 水连接地下水数据库（南澳政府，2011年）

2. 大自流盆地测井数据集（GABLOG）（Habermehl, M. A., 2001年）

3. 南澳石油勘探与生产系统（PEPS-SA）（南澳第一产业与区域部，2011年）

4. 昆士兰州石油勘探数据库（QPED）（昆士兰州地质调查局，2010年）

5. 钻井完井与测井报告（详见摘要中的参考文献）

6. 其他报告（详见摘要中的参考文献）

7. 地震勘探及相关报告（详见摘要中的地震参考文献部分）

处理方法：

### 地层范围

范围界定基于GABLOG（Habermehl, M. A., 2001年）、PEPS-SA（南澳第一产业与区域部，2011年）、QPED（昆士兰州地质调查局，2010年）以及水连接地下水数据库（南澳政府，2011年）的钻孔数据。范围线经调整以覆盖水文地层单元的所有截值，由此生成了形态多样且不规则的区域，部分区域存在斑块状分布，需通过解译确定最合理的范围边界。

### 露头范围

露头范围源自《澳大利亚大自流盆地水文地质》（Habermehl & Lau, 1997年），适用于埃罗曼加与苏拉特次盆地；对于卡奔塔利亚盆地，则采用《卡奔塔利亚与劳拉盆地中生代地质》（澳大利亚地质调查局，2013年）。

### 等厚栅格

源自钻孔截值的源点厚度值通过ESRI ANUDEM地形转栅格表面建模工具进行外推。在已知含水层/隔水层范围内应用零厚度约束，但当地层延伸至大自流盆地边界以外时除外（例如大自流盆地东侧的普雷西皮斯地层（Precipice formation），该地层厚度较大且以悬崖形式出露）。此类情况不应用约束，允许软件将厚度建模至大自流盆地边界。生成的栅格通过ESRI栅格计算器进行修正，将最小厚度设为0，并裁剪至含水层/隔水层范围。

### 等厚等值线

等厚等值线使用ESRI等值线工具，基于阿多里-斯普林博克含水层厚度栅格计算得出，等值线间隔为50米。多数情况下，由于生成的等值线存在不稳定性，工具生成的零等值线将被替换为含水层范围。当含水层/隔水层在边界处厚度较大时，零等值线位于边界外侧，该区域不会绘制零等值线。等厚等值线将被裁剪至含水层/隔水层范围。

### 数据点位置

数据点位置源自本项目收集的钻孔数据，仅保留点位坐标信息。

软件：

所有修改、编辑及地理处理操作均通过ESRI ArcGIS 10软件完成。

质量控制与质量保证（QAQC）：

对数据集进行了全面错误排查，涵盖负厚度值、数据缺失、厚度计算错误、含水层/隔水层缺失地层以及错误的XY坐标数据。在厚度栅格计算完成后，开展了第二轮质量核查：通过绘制点位与厚度栅格，仔细排查异常值。有时异常离群值会在栅格上产生“靶环”效应。为验证数据真实性，将对比邻近点位数据，必要时检索原始数据以核查对应数值。部分油田的某些勘探井可能存在试探性估算值，将对比邻近钻孔并对其进行修正或删除。此外，若整个子区域存在可疑数值，将核查相关数据是否已全部纳入。最后，还将核查数据集以确保钻孔数据完整记录了含水层的总厚度。多数情况下，水井仅钻至找到合适水源的深度，通常不会穿透整个含水层。此类数据将按个案处理：在数据充足的区域将其移除，而在钻孔数据稀疏的区域则予以保留，以确定地层的存在性（即使仅为最小厚度值）。

本数据集已通过QAQC验证流程，以捕获并修复属性与几何错误。

## **数据集引用**

澳大利亚地质调查局（2014年）。《GABATLAS 15 温顿-马孔达含水层及类似地层》。生物区域评估源数据集。2018年12月7日查阅，http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/2e1e0572-a43c-448e-be15-18abf848ab5c。