PPCP compounds and their limit of detection (LOD) concentration, average and standard deviation Avg (SD) concentrations (ng/L level; n = 3), and frequency of detection (FD%) in the source and finished water samples from four DWTPs.

The standard deviation of each measurement is provided in the parentheses for each PPCP compound. "-" indicates a PPCP concentration below the LOD; it is assigned as half of the LOD when used in statistical analyses. Compound names are shown in abbreviation, and their respective full names are provided in the method.