PROSPECTS OF APPLYING ELECTROTECHNOLOGY IN GARDENING

The paper presents some application fi elds and examples of applying electrotechnology in agricultural production as exemplifi ed by the use of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fi elds. The authors determined promising research areas concerning the application of electrotechnology in gardening: the use of magnetized water for watering tree crops and bushes; the use of a strong electric fi eld of high voltage to produce a fi ne electroaerosol in the form of fog or cloud of electrically charged solution droplets (chemical preparation to combat diseases and pests of garden crops) to increase the preparation effi ciency (from 25 to 75%) and reduce the environmental impact. The paper presents the designs of technical devices for obtaining magnetized water. The authors offer an original magnetic fi eld source consisting of an inductor with windings and a ferrite core and having additional features for regulating the rotation speed of the magnetic fi eld, and the formation of magnetic fi elds with different harmonic composition, depending on the shape of the output voltage of a transistor frequency converter. The paper also provides a description of an electric circuit (powered by a battery or a low-power rectifi er) of a small-sized source of a strong electric fi eld using high-frequency transformers, the mass and size of which are reduced twice at such frequencies.本论文以电场、磁场及电磁场的应用为实例，介绍了电工技术在农业生产中的若干应用领域与案例。作者明确了电工技术在园艺领域的极具潜力研究方向：其一，采用磁化水对林木作物与灌丛进行灌溉；其二，利用高压强电场制备微细电气溶胶，该气溶胶呈带电溶液微滴构成的雾状或云团形态，所用溶液为防治园艺作物病虫害的化学药剂，以此提升药剂防治效率（增幅25%至75%）并降低环境负面影响。 论文还给出了用于制备磁化水的技术装置设计方案。作者提出一种原创性磁场源方案，该装置由带绕组的电感器与铁氧体磁芯构成，可根据晶体管变频器的输出电压波形，额外实现磁场旋转速度调节以及不同谐波组成磁场的生成功能。 此外，本文还详述了一款采用高频变压器的小型强电场源的电路结构，该电路可由电池或低功率整流器供电，在该工作频率下，其质量与体积均可缩减至原有水平的一半。