The performance of the pattern search direct search method in solving load estimation problems

Accurately estimating load is essential for effective electric distribution planning, assets management, precise power flow predictions, accurate power losses calculations, and efficient integration of distributed energy resources. To facilitate this, a dataset was generated using Matlab to produce various simulations in the Open Electric Power Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS), a widely used software in the electric distribution industry. These simulations were conducted on three typical distribution feeders (IEEE 13-bus, 37-bus, and 123-bus) that support studies in distribution planning, assets management, power flow predictions, power losses calculations, and distributed resource integration. The dataset includes individual demand profiles of residential, commercial, and industrial consumers specified for the three distribution feeders, comprising at least 96 distinct scenarios. An optimization method was developed using the obtained dataset, which employs the pattern search technique to estimate loads by optimizing specified objective functions and constraints. The load estimation quality was assessed for all three feeders, utilizing estimation quality indices proposed by the authors. These indices evaluated both the initial and proposed load estimation methods across the developed scenarios. Furthermore, the data provided in this article can be utilized for comparison with future load estimation studies, particularly regarding the quality of the method's results.精准的负荷估算对于高效配电规划、资产管理、精准潮流预测、准确电能损耗测算以及分布式能源资源（distributed energy resources）的高效并网均至关重要。为支撑此类研究需求，本研究依托Matlab平台，在配电行业广泛使用的开放式配电系统仿真器（Open Electric Power Distribution System Simulator，简称OpenDSS）中开展各类仿真实验，进而构建了本数据集。本次仿真基于三类典型配电馈线展开，即IEEE 13节点、37节点与123节点馈线，此类馈线可用于配电规划、资产管理、潮流预测、损耗测算以及分布式能源并网等相关研究。本数据集包含针对上述三类配电馈线的居民、商业与工业用户的个性化负荷需求曲线（demand profiles），共计至少96种不同场景。研究团队依托所构建的数据集，开发了一种基于模式搜索技术（pattern search technique）的负荷估算方法，该方法通过优化指定的目标函数与约束条件实现负荷估算。针对上述三类馈线，研究团队采用自行提出的负荷估算质量评价指标，对负荷估算结果的质量进行了评估。该系列指标在本次构建的所有场景中，分别对初始方法与本研究提出的负荷估算方法的性能进行了评价。此外，本文所提供的数据集可用于与未来开展的负荷估算相关研究进行对比，尤其可用于比较不同方法的估算结果质量。