Mask Wearers at Risk of Inhaling Respirable Hazards from Leave-On Facial Cosmetics

Previous research has widely overlooked the respiratory
risks associated
with cosmetic powder, a type of mixed particulate matter with intricate
chemical compositions, especially in the context of wearing masks.
This study investigated the inhalation risks posed by five face powders,
focusing on both particulate matter (minerals and primary microplastics)
and soluble components (preservatives and organic UV filters). Wearing
masks significantly increased the inhalation risk of face powders,
with exposure levels influenced by factors such as particle size,
density, and composition. Additionally, different samples demonstrated
irregular behavioral patterns when exposed to various human tissue
environments. Soluble components analysis revealed that multiple additives
dissolved in six body fluids, with a higher degree of release observed
in the respiratory tract fluid compared to the digestive tract fluid.
The alveoli may serve as a specific target for exposure to organic
UV filters due to the solubilization effect of pulmonary surfactants.
These findings revealed the importance of considering both particulate
matter and soluble components when assessing respiratory and digestive
exposure risks from cosmetic powders. Furthermore, understanding the
interactions between cosmetic particles and body fluids, as well as
potential synergistic toxic effects, is crucial for ensuring the safety
of cosmetic products and safeguarding public health.