Strain level diversity and potential activity in partial nitritation anammox biofilms

Partial nitritation anammox (PNA) is a process where ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria are used for removal of nitrogen in treatment of wastewater. PNA has been successfully implemented for sludge wastewater treatment (Sidestream water), but treatment of Mainstream wastewater has been challenging. We compared the community composition of Sidestream and Mainstream PNA MBBR biofilms using amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal gene, 16S rRNA and the enzyme genes hzsB, nxrB, and amoA.