THE VALUE OF THE OBJECTS OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE FOR THE CITY OF VORONEZH

I. INTRODUCTION The collapse of the Soviet Union, the collapse of the communist ideology put the modern Russian society in the conditions of the search for new values and cultural landmarks, awareness of new boundaries of their identity. In a society that is in a situation of split and spiritual crisis, the mood of indifference and social apathy is growing more and more rapidly, the ideas of national and religious exclusiveness are spreading, social and national hatred is deepening, and aggression is growing. Understanding the significance of the cultural component, the role and place of cultural heritage both in substantiating historical choices and in the process of cultural-historical self-identification of Russian society is becoming more and more obvious in the context of an increasingly open and sharp confrontation between supporters and opponents of modern transformations in Russia. In modern conditions of existence and functioning of the world cultural heritage system, a question arises about the significance of the Russian experience in the protection of monuments. This system focuses us on the use of European standards for the protection of cultural heritage, which have already proven their effectiveness, which are not always applicable to the realities of the transition state of Russian society and are fraught with new losses of historical and cultural monuments. II. DISCUSSION The first generalization of the experience of the formation of Russian traditions of cultural heritage protection began under Peter I, during this period the first steps were taken to find and preserve Russian antiquities. A similar historiographical situation was caused by a number of circumstances: the relatively late formation of the most academic historical science in Russia; poor study of Russian territories in order to identify objects of history and culture; unclear selection criteria; In the stormy discussions that engulfed the educated strata of Russian society, the negativity in relation to the national cultural heritage of numerous historical and philosophical scientific societies has been overcome. A whole galaxy of specialists was prepared who, based on their own practical experience of participating in memorial defense activities, could formulate their immediate problems. After October 1917, there was an ideologization and the establishment of a party monopoly in state policy in the field of culture and the protection of cultural heritage. The Soviet concept of preserving monuments, established with the coming of the Bolsheviks to power, suggested that the overwhelming majority of monuments, as a product of the “cursed past” and the result of the activities of the exploiting classes, should not be preserved. Only the “monuments of revolutionary achievements”, “monuments of national life” and “monuments of the Red Army” became the object of the preservation activity. This approach is reflected in the work of M.G. Khudyakova “Pre-Revolutionary Russian Archeology in the Service of the Exploiting Classes”, as well as in a number of “ideologically sustained” articles of the 1920s – 1930s gm. In the USSR, after a long break in the late 1960s. the social movement for the protection of monuments was resumed, the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture was created (1965), which immediately launched a broad scientific and publishing activity. Since 1972, the annual collection of articles “Monuments of the Fatherland” began to be published, and since 1980, two times a year, the eponymous thematic Almanac of the All-Russian Society for the Preservation of Historical and Cultural Monuments (The World of Russian Estate, Monastic Revolution shrines of Moscow "). Having given a fairly complete picture of the historical experience of the Russian state in the field of the protection of cultural heritage in pre-revolutionary Russia, the author as a whole did not exhaust this topic. Outside the scope of the study, there remained the state solution to the problems of preserving movable monuments of history and culture, activities in the field of protecting monuments of individual statesmen and the scientific community, comparing Russian historical experience of protecting monuments of history and culture with the experience accumulated by foreign countries in the same period. III. RESULTS Special attention is attracted by the idea of forming protected historical and cultural territories, which can be historical cities, manor and monastery complexes, fields of historical battles, historical roads, historical production territories, etc. Such territories are already being created either in the form of museum reserves or other spatial entities, including specific administrative and territorial units (regions). Sometimes their activities can determine the future economic specialization of the region as a whole, the prospects for its socio-economic development. Heritage monuments are gradually recognized as a specific resource of the territory and act as a new active phenomenon of economic life. In recent years, the historical heritage is being evaluated in a new way, many previously forgotten names and historical events are being returned, religious monuments and shrines are being restored. For example, in Voronezh and the Voronezh region out of 2,730 objects of historical and cultural heritage of 260 churches (about 10%), which are located mainly in provincial counties (districts). This is a very important and reliable historical fact. This fact deserves the attention of historians and specialists in the field of culture. In fact, these are really monuments of regional significance, but there are also monuments of the federal level. In Voronezh, the Jewish Synagogue appeared only at the beginning of the 20th century; the Lutheran church appeared already in the first quarter of the 19th century. Orthodoxy, Lutheranism, Judaism were the most common religions in this period. Photo № 1 Church of the Prophet Samuel in the city in Voronezh Photo № 2 Nikolskaya Church in Voronezh Photo № 3 Pokrovskaya Church of the city in Voronezh Photo № 4 Alexievo-Akatov Monastery in Voronezh A significant factor in the life of the regions of Russia was the emergence of a significant number of publications on history, local history, the study of the nature of the native land (these are reprints of old editions, as well as the publication of unpublished manuscripts, and the appearance of new regional studies). Of particular importance was the concept of “heritage”, which was almost never used a decade and a half ago. Among the main trends of the post-Soviet period, there is a noticeable transition from the protection of individual monuments to the preservation of the entire natural and cultural heritage in its integrity, which covers both the heritage objects themselves and the environment in which they exist. This includes efforts to identify the entire heritage, encompassing not only outstanding monuments of nature, history and culture, but also other important elements: folk culture, traditions, crafts and handicrafts, historical urban environment, rural development and settlement system, ethnocultural environment, Natural resources. environment, etc. All these phenomena are considered as an immediate and integral part of the national cultural heritage, as special elements determining the identity of the culture of a country or its region. A similar trend is actively developing among the monuments of nature, history and culture. Work on the inventory of monuments in various regions of the country has expanded the existing lists of many new objects. They included not only outstanding monuments of architecture, history, monumental art, but also numerous architectural structures of the late XIX - early XX century. Special attention is paid to the unity of the architectural or historical ensemble. Photo № 5 Vvedenskaya Church in Voronezh Photo № 6 Uspenskaya Church in Voronezh Photo № 7 Voronezhsky Church Seminary Photo № 8 The Modern Building of the Voronezh Seminary Foto № 9 Siberian larch, Russia Voronezh In 1938, 4 seedlings of Siberian larch were planted on a land plot in the city of Voronezh at the address: Mechnikov lane house № 22. In 1941 the Great Patriotic war began. German troops captured the city of Voronezh. In 1943, the city of Voronezh was liberated from Nazi invaders. The front line passed near the house on Mechnikov lane, 22. German tanks, passing through this land, destroyed three larch. The only tree (pictured above) has survived to the present day and is a valuable example of the mother's seed, as well as a silent witness to the fierce fighting for the city of Voronezh. Siberian larch has been the national tree of Russia since 1960. Represents Russia in peoples ' Friendship Park (Seattle, USA). Larch is a symbol of longevity and rebirth. In 2015, the tree was examined by the specialists of the Botanical garden named after Professor B. M. Kozo-Polyansky, Voronezh state University (Director of the Botanical garden of Voronezh state University, candidate of agricultural Sciences, associate Professor of the Department of ecology A. A. Voronin, the scientific employee of the Botanical garden of Voronezh state University, candidate of geographical Sciences L. A. Lepeshkina, researcher at the Botanical garden of Voronezh state University, candidate of geographical Sciences, associate Professor M. A. Klevtsova). Certification materials in 2015 (currently 81-year-old Siberian larch) were sent by specialists to the national register of forest stands of the all-Russian program "Trees-monuments of nature". According to the results of the attestation Commission, unique trees are given the status of a state-protected natural object. Another important area of modern cultural development is the formation of a system of historical and cultural territories. This new trend in cultural policy suggests a territorial approach to the preservation of heritage. The international community has long paid attention to the state of its cultural heritage and preserves the unique territories of the natural environment. In addition to the adoption of national lists of the most valuable and protected objects in the second half of the XX century. The task was to preserve and render assistance to cultural monuments and natural territories within the framework of interstate programs. Since 1972, the World Heritage List has become a kind of universal heritage registry drawn up within the framework of the UNESCO International Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. BELOW IS A TABLE, WHICH CONTAINS ALMOST ALL THE OBJECTS OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE CITY OF VORONEZH (as at 03/05/2018) Voronezh city, Russian Federation № Item number The Name of the Monument of History Dating of the Monument Security category Document of acceptance for state security Number in United State Register of Cultural Heritage Objects (EGROKN) Address Skuratova's House (Dom Skuratovoy) XIX Region-al № 510 361410059490005 31, Aviatsionnaya Street Manor, where the statistician Voronov lived (Usad'ba, gde zhil statistik Voronov) а) outhouse (fligel') б) Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XIX Regional № 510 № 472 37, Aviatsionnaya Street 39, Aviatsionnaya Street M.N. Zamyatnin’s House (Dom M.N. Zamyatnina) 1913 Regional № 246 361410302520005 12, Alekseevskogo Street Merchant Lagutin's House (Dom kuptsa Lagutina) 1912 Regional № 510 361410061010005 24, Alekseevskogo Street Karpinskaya’s House (Dom Karpinskoy) XIX Regional № 510 361710909830005 16, Baturinskaya Street Veterinarian Verevkin's Manor (Usad'ba veterinara Verevkina) а) Residential house (Dom zhiloj) б) outhouse (fligel') XVIII-XIX Regional № 246 № 246 361420063790005 361410063790015 361410063790025 18, Baturinskaya Street 20, Baturinskaya Street Vandalovsky’s Outbuilding (Fligel' Vandalovskogo) 1889 Regional № 510 361510398300005 29, Baturinskaya Street Architect Baranov’s House (Dom arkhitektora Baranova) 1895 Regional № 472 361410059670005 34, Baturinskaya Street Architect I.N. Afanasyev’s Outbuilding (Fligel' arkhitektora I.N. Afanas'yeva) XIX Regional № 510 361410058640005 35, Baturinskaya Street Pokatilova’s House (Dom Pokatilovoy) XIX Regional № 219 361510318850005 40, Baturinskaya Street Firyupkin's House (Dom Firyupkina) 1915 Regional № 510 361410058930005 39, Baumansky Lane Ivanovskaya’s House (Dom Ivanovskoy) 1911 Regional № 219 361410059630005 5, Bekhtereva Street Kargashin's House (Dom Kargashina) 1911 Regional № 510 361410324500005 16, Bekhtereva Street Ensemble of the Intercession Church (Ansambl' Pokrovskoy tserkvi) а) Church of the Intercession (Pokrovskaya tserkov') б) House of the Intercession Church (Dom Pokrovskoy tserkvi) 1736-1841, XIX Federal № 176 361420083640006 38, Bekhtereva Street 36, Bekhtereva Street Barracks named Rajewski (Kazarma imeni Rayevskogo) 1911-1913 Regional № 472 361410049140005 13, Bol'shaya Manezhnaya Street Suvorkina’s House (Dom Suvorkinoy) XIX Regional № 510 361510398250005 104, Bolshaya Streletskaya Street The house in which the Council of Workers' Deputies met in 1905 (Dom, v kotorom v 1905 g. zasedal Sovet rabochikh deputatov) XVIII Federal № 624 2/4, Vaytsehovskogo Street Zemstvo’s Shelter (Priyut zemskiy) 1911 Regional № 510 2/5, Vaytsehovskogo Street Production complex (Proizvodstvennyy kompleks) XVIII-XIX Regional № 219 The Territory in a residential area near Vaytsehovskogo Street Pimenov's Outbuilding (Fligel' Pimenova) 1913 Regional № 510 361410058420005 6а, Vaytsehovskogo Street The House in which V.V. Mayakovsky met with poets (Dom, v kotorom V.V. Mayakovskiy vstrechalsya s poetami) XX Regional № 219 7, Vaytsehovskogo Street Shchukina’s House (Dom Shchukinoy) 1899 Regional № 472 361510312510005 9, Vaytsehovskogo Street Specialized School of Shpolsky (Uchilishche Shpol'skogo) 1913 Regional № 510 361410058570005 60, Volodarskogo Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) 1928 Regional № 510 361410058920005 39, Voykova Street Arno’s House (Dom Arno) XIX Regional № 510 361410057270005 16, Gertsena Street Dorokhin's House (Dom Dorohina) 1906 Regional № 510 361410398350005 19, Maxim Gorki Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XX Regional № 510 361410057290005 22, 20-Letiya VLKSM Street The Grevtsov Brothers' House (Dom brat'ev Grevcovyh) XIX Regional № 510 391210004630005 35, 20-Letiya VLKSM Street The "Ark" House (Dom "Kovcheg") XVIII Regional № 246 37, 20-Letiya VLKSM Street Snopov’s Manor (3 buildings) Usad'ba Snopova (3 zdaniya) XIX Regional № 219 361520398280005 40a, 20-Letiya VLKSM Street Vartanov's House (Dom Vartanova) 1913 Regional № 510 361410057300005 48, 20-Letiya VLKSM Street Residential House of Belovykh (Zhiloy dom Belovykh) XIX Regional № 510 361410058940005 17, 25-go Oktyabrya Street The building of the Bogoyavlenskaya (Epiphany) Church (Zdaniye Bogoyavlenskoy tserkvi) 1763 Regional № 246 361410060850005 17а, 25-go Oktyabrya Street Dolskaya’s House (Dom Dol'skoy) XIX - ХХ Regional № 510 361410057490005 21, 25-go Oktyabrya Street Voronezh Civil Engineering Institute (Voronezhskiy inzhenerno-stroitel'nyy institut) 1930 Regional № 246 36140063580005 84, 20 let Oktyabrya Street Eliseev’s Manor (2 buildings) (Usad'ba Yeliseyeva (2 zdaniya)): а) House б) Outhouse XIX XIX Regional № 219 № 510 361420063780005 37, 9 Yanvarya Street 35, 9 Yanvarya Street Merchant's house (Dom kupecheskiy) XIX - XX Regional № 219 41, 9 Yanvarya Street Kharin's House (Dom Kharina) 1880 Regional № 219 361410398360005 43, 9 Yanvarya Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XX Regional № 510 361410056850005 52, 9 Yanvarya Street Manuylov's House (Dom Manuylova) 1910 Regional № 510 361410056840005 3, Dzerzhinskogo Street Ter-Panosov's House (Dom Ter-Panosova) 1912 Regional № 472 361410058950005 4, Dzerzhinskogo Street Kharin's House (Dom Kharina) 1914 Regional № 472 361410058960005 6, Dzerzhinskogo Street Shvedchenko’s House (Dom Shvedchenko) XX Regional № 510 361410059570005 16, Dzerzhinskogo Street Cemetery Ternovoye (Ternovoye kladbishche) XVIII Regional № 472 The Territory between Dzinkovskogo and Malo-Ternovoy Streets Church of the Nativity (Tserkov' Rozhdestva Khristova) 1856 Regional № 71-01-07/47 361710909900005 51, Dimitrova Street Savings and Loan’s Association (Ssudo-sberegatel'noye tovarishchestvo) 1916 Regional № 472 361410758820005 81, Dimitrova Street The house in which in 1901 - 1915 the creator of the genre of publicistic clownery A.L. Durov lived (Dom, v kotorom v 1901 - 1915 zhil sozdatel' zhanra publitsisticheskoy klounady A.L. Durov) XX Federal № 624 361410056930006 2, Durova Street The Dyomins' House (Dom Dyominyh) XIX Region-al № 472 361410056920005 7, Zubrilova Street City Women's Shelter (Gorodskoy zhenskiy priyut) 1912 Region-al № 472 361410059230005 19, Kalyaeva Street The Assumption Church (Tserkov' Uspeniya) 1694 Federal № 1327 2, K. Marksa Street Firehouse building (Zdaniye pozharnoy chasti) 1825-1875 Regional № 246 361410063650005 32, K. Marksa Street Klochkov’s House (Dom Klochkova) XIX Regional № 219 35, K. Marksa Street Kryazhov’s House (Dom Kryazhova) XIX Regional № 219 361410302780005 41, K. Marksa Street The architect Volkov's House (Dom arkhitektora Volkova) XVIII Regional № 472 43, K. Marksa Street A Stone Bridge (Kamennyy most) 1826 Regional № 246 361410062340005 K. Marksa Street Alexandrinsky orphanage (Aleksandrinskiy detskiy priyut) XIX Regional № 219 361410056880005 45, K. Marksa Street Gerasimov's Manor (Usad'ba Gerasimova): а) House б) Gerasimovs’ Outhouse XIX-ХХ 1905 Regional № 219 № 510 361420064780005 48, 48б, K. Marksa Street Belousovs’ House (Dom Belousovyh) XX Regional № 219 361410332320005 51, K. Marksa Street The Doctor S.V. Martynov’s House (Dom vracha S.V. Martynova) XIX Federal № 624 361510304480006 55, K. Marksa Street Reznikova’s Residential House (Dom zhiloy Reznikovoy) 1911 Region-al № 219 361710909910005 58, K. Marksa Street Lutheran Church (Lyuteranskaya kirkha) 1819 Federal № 176 361410049050006 65, K. Marksa Street Stoll’s Factory (3 buildings) (Zavod Stollya (3 zdaniya)): - administrative building - industrial building - industrial building 1915-1916 XIX 1907-1911 Regional № 246 67/Е, K. Marksa Street , 67/З1, K. Marksa Street, 67/З1, З3, K. Marksa Street Shuklins’ House (Dom Shuklinykh) 1902-1903 Regional № 219 361410062460005 70, K. Marksa Street Somov’s House where lived S.Ya. Marshak (Dom Somova) 1913 Regional № 246 361510318870005 72, K. Marksa Street Chernozubova’s Real School (Real'noye uchilishche Chernozubovoy) XIX, 1911 Regional № 472 82, K. Marksa Street Zastavsky pylon (Zastavskiy pilon) XVIII Regional № 219 361510398430005 K. Marksa Street (near school) Hospital (Bol'nitsa) XX Regional № 510 361410060890005 11, Kol'tsovskaya Street Complex of State Wine Warehouse (Kompleks kazennogo vinnogo sklada) 1900 Regional № 219 24, Kol'tsovskaya Street The Complex of the Bell Factory of Samofalovs’ Merchants (Kompleks kolokol'nogo zavoda kuptsov Samofalovykh) XIX, 1904 Regional № 219 361510398580005 40, Kol'tsovskaya Street Tomilin’s Manor (2 buildings): Usad'ba Tomilina (2 zdaniya): - House - Outhouse 1910 Regional № 510 361510398590005 60/1, Kol'tsovskaya Street Boldyrev's Outbuilding (Fligel Boldyreva) 1912 Regional № 510 361410065490005 2, Komissarzhevskoy Street Stepantsova’s Grammar School (Gimnaziya Stepantsovoy) 1900-1901 Regional № 472 361510398510005 3, Komissarzhevskoy Street House of the society of tenants-owners (Dom obshchestva kvartirantov-sobstvennikov) 1915 Regional № 510 361410065400005 4, Komissarzhevskoy Street The house where the writer Zadonsky, architect Troitsky lived (Dom, v kotorom zhil pisatel' Zadon-skiy, arkhitektor Troitskiy) 1940 Regional № 246 361410065340005 6а, Komissarzhevskoy Street The house where Massalitinov lived (Dom, v kotorom zhil Massalitinov) 1959-1979 Regional № 246 361510398530005 16, Komissarzhevskoy Street Higher Primary School (Vyssheye nachal'noye uchilishche) 1895 Regional № 472 361510398560005 17, Komissarzhevskoy Street Commercial School (Kommercheskoye uchilishche) 1915 Regional № 219 391210004690005 36, Kommunarov Street Pharmacy Warehouse of the military department (2 buildings) (Aptechnyy sklad voyennogo vedomstva (2 zdaniya)) XX Regional № 510 361420104230005 361410104230025 41, Kommunarov Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XIX – XX Regional № 219 361410065590005 44, Kommunarov Street Fedorov’s House (Dom Fedorova) XIX – XX Regional № 510 361410120470005 60, Kommunarov Street Barracks "Yubileynaya" (Kazarma "Yubileynaya") 1910-1912 Regional № 472 361410068080005 19, Krasnoarmeyskaya Romanovskaya Sloboda Officer Club’s Building (Zdaniye Ofitserskogo kluba Romanovskoy slobody) 1910 Regional № 71-01-07/42 361710909840005 105, Krasnoznamennaya Street Outhouse for squadron commanders of Romanovskaya Sloboda (western) (Fligel' dlya eskadronnykh komandirov Romanovskoy slobody (zapadnyy)) 1910 Regional № 71-01-07/43 361710909850005 107, Krasnoznamennaya Street The ensemble of residential buildings for the Romanovskaya Sloboda’s officers (Ansambl' zhilykh domov dlya ofitserov Romanovskoy slobody): 1. Dom rotnykh komandirov Romanovskoy slobody (trekhetazhnyy) 2. Fligel' dlya eskadronnykh komandirov Romanovskoy slobody (dvukhetazhnyy) 3. Zhiloy dom dlya ofitserov Chizhovskoy slobody (trekhetazhnyy) 4. Dom rotnykh komandirov Chizhovskoy slobody 5. Zhiloy dom dlya ofitserov Chizhovskoy slobody (dvukhetazhnyy) 6. Zhiloy fligel' dlya ofitserov Chizhovskoy slobody (dvukhetazhnyy) 7. Zhiloy dom dlya ofitserov Chizhovskoy slobody (dvukhetazhnyy) 1910-1914 Regional № 71-01-07/45 111, 113, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, Krasnoznamennaya Street The Romanovskaya Sloboda’s Battalion Corps (Batal'onnyy korpus Romanovskoy slobody) 1910 Regional № 71-01-07/46 361710909880005 167, Krasnoznamennaya Street Inn yard with Vikulov's Lavka (small shop) (Postoyalyy dvor s lavkoy Vikulova) XVIII Regional № 472 361410068040005 7, Kukolkina Street Balashov’s House (Dom Balashova) XIX Regional № 510 361410067620005 18а, Kukolkina Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XIX-ХХ Regional № 510 25, Kutsygina Street Commercial Bank (Bank kommercheskiy) 1880 Regional № 246 361410112540005 11, Lenin Square Cinema "Taumatograf" (Kinoteatr "Taumatograf") 1900 Regional № 472 11а, Lenin Square Cinema "Ampir" (Kinoteatr "Ampir") On October 29, 1917, a citywide rally of revolutionary workers and soldiers of the garrison, at which the appeal of an armed uprising was adopted, was held there. 1913 Regional № 219 361410048570005 13, Lenin Square Pedagogical Institute (Pedagogicheskiy institut) 1950 Regional № 246 361410098670005 86, Lenina Street Gausman's Factory. Here in 1905, meetings of workers at the plant were held. (Zavod Gausmana) XX Regional № 246 361410047070005 96, Lenina Street Egorov’s House (Dom Yegorova) XIX-ХХ Regional № 510 361410112930005 110, Lenina Street The Assumption Church (Tserkov' Uspenskaya) 1848 Regional № 472 39а, Leninsky Prospect Student’s Hostel (Obshchezhitiye studencheskoye) 1930 Regional № 71-01-07/41 94, Lomonosova Street Corps of the State Research Institute of Colloid Chemistry (Korpus gosudarstvennogo nauchno-issledovatel'skogo instituta kolloidnoy khimii) 1910 Regional № 71-01-07/42 100, Lomonosova Street The Trinity Church House (Dom Troitskoy tserkvi) XIX Regional № 510 36141022046000 9, Malo-Ternovaya Street The poet A.V. Koltsov’s Tomb (1809-1842) (Mogila poeta A.V. Kol'tsova) 1842 Federal № 1327 Moiseyeva Street, literary necropolis The poet I.S. Nikitin’s Tomb (1824-1861) (Mogila poeta I.S. Nikitina) 1863 Federal № 1327 Moiseyeva Street, literary necropolis Guest house of Mitrofanovsky monastery (Strannopriimnyy dom Mitrofanovskogo monastyrya) 1850 Regional № 510 8а, Narvskaya Street Public meeting building (Zdaniye obshchestvennogo sobraniya) 1908 Regional № 246 1, Nikitinskaya Street Plotnikov’s Manor (Usad'ba Plotnikova) а) house, two outbuildings b) outhouse and service of the Plotnikov’s estate XIX Regional № 219, № 510 361420065610005 361410067300005 2, 4, Nikitinskaya Street Ivanova’s Residential Estate House (Dom zhiloy usad'by Ivanovoy) 1911 Regional № 246 361410067710005 3, Nikitinskaya Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) 1908 Regional № 246 361410062710005 5, Nikitinskaya Street Nechaevskaya school (Nechayevskaya shkola) 1895-1897 Regional № 246 361510303310005 9, Nikitinskaya Street Strizhevskiy's Manor (Usad'ba Strizhevskogo) 1870 Regional № 219 14а, Nikitinskaya Street I.S. Nikitin’s House (1846-1861) (Dom Ivana Savvicha Nikitina) XIX, 1955 Federal № 1327 19а, Nikitinskaya Street House of the Lutheran community (Dom Lyuteranskoy obshchiny) XIX Regional № 219 20, Nikitinskaya Street Tyurin’s House (Dom Tyurinykh) XIX Regional № 246 361410058000005 22, Nikitinskaya Street Kligman’s House (Dom Kligmana) 1912 Regional № 246 361410127250005 29, Nikitinskaya Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) 1880 Regional № 246 361410062470005 32, Nikitinskaya Street The complex of two Klochkovy’s estates (7 buildings) Kompleks dvukh usadeb Klochkovykh (7 zdaniy) XIX, 1905 Regional № 219, № 510 361520405040005 39, 41, 41/2; 43, Nikitinskaya Street Titov’s Residential House (Dom zhiloy Titovykh) XIX Regional № 219 361410138470005 42, Nikitinskaya Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XIX Regional № 510 361410114240005 45, Nikitinskaya Street Engineer Geger’s Outhouse (Fligel' inzhenera Gegera) 1911 Regional № 510 49/2, Nikitinskaya Street Klotchkov’s House (Dom Klochkovykh) XIX Regional № 510 52/1, , Nikitinskaya Street Church and Bell Tower of the Alekseevsky Akatov Monastery (Tserkov' i kolokol'nya Alekseyevskogo Akatova monastyrya) 1674-1881 Federal № 1327 1v, Osvobozhdeniya Truda Street Troitsky Manor (Usad'ba Troitskikh) XIX Regional № 510 361420115220005 361410115220025 7, 7b, Osvobozhdeniya Truda Street Factory buildings (2 houses) Fabrichnyye zdaniya (2 doma) XIX Regional № 219 361410115540005 8, Osvobozhdeniya Truda Street Golovin's House (Dom Golovina) XIX Regional № 510 361410115770005 9, Osvobozhdeniya Truda Street Vvedenskaya church (Vvedenskaya tserkov') 1770 Federal № 624 20, Osvobozhdeniya Truda Street House and the Gate (Dom i vorota) XVIII - XIX Region-al № 219 361410115660005 20а, Osvobozhdeniya Truda Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XX Region-al № 510 361410115980005 17а, Ordzhonikidze Street Voskresenskaya Church (Voskresenskaya tserkov') XVIII Federal № 176 361510239230006 19а / 19b, Ordzhonikidze Street Drawing School named after Ponomarevs / Buchkuri Workshops (Risoval'naya shkola imeni Ponomarevykh / Masterskiye Buchkuri) 1914 Regional № 246 361410064150005 26, Ordzhonikidze Street Noble and Peasant Bank (Dvoryanskiy i krest'yanskiy bank) 1911 Regional № 472 361510201110005 41, Ordzhonikidze Street The house where I.N. Basilevsky (Ismail Karagandinsky) lived (1930-1940) (Dom, v kotorom zhil I.N. Bazilevskiy (Izmail Karagandinskiy) (1930-1940)) XIX Regional № 71-01-07/39 10, Pervomayskaya Street House of the Uspenskaya Church (Dom Uspenskoy tserkvi) XIX Regional № 510 361410060500005 37а, Sof'i Perovskoy Street Hotel complex "Kiev Courtyard" (Kompleks gostinitsy "Kiyevskoye podvor'ye") 1870 1906 1890 Regional № 219 361420119050005 361410119050015 1, 3, 3а, Platonov Street E.N. Denisenko’s House, where was the Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy (Dom Ye.N. Denisenko, gde byl russkiy pisatel' L.N. Tolstoy) 1901 Regional № 246 361410564570005 5, Platonov Street Bystrzhinsky Manor (Usad'ba Bystrzhinskikh): а) Bystrzhinsky’s Residential House b) Bystrzhinsky’s outhouse XIX Regional № 219 9, 11, Platonov Street Kovyryalova's House (Dom Kovyryalovoy) 1912 Regional № 510 361410118480005 16, Platonov Street Building of the Meshchanskaya Board (Zdaniye Meshchanskoy upravy) XVIII Regional № 1327 3, Plekhanovskaya Street Volga-Kama Bank (Volzhsko-Kamskiy bank) 1914-1915 Region-al № 472 361410119090005 10, Plekhanovskaya Street Vyakhireva's House (Dom Vyakhirevoy) 1904 Regional № 246 361410061020005 16, Plekhanovskaya Street School of the Blind, 1895-1902 (Shkola slepykh, 1895-1902) XX Regional № 219 36110118660005 29, Plekhanovskaya Street Philistine Miller's House (Dom meshchanina Millera) 1915-1916 Regional № 510 361410120870005 5, Sukonovka Pravaya Street Artists Parenago’s House (Dom deyateley kul'tury Parenago) XIX Regional № 510 361410119610005 56, Proletarskaya Street Fedorov’s House (Dom Fodorova) 1911 Regional № 219 361410120470005 10, Pushkinskaya Street Protasova’s House (Dom Protasovoy) XIX Regional № 219 361510220470005 12, Pushkinskaya Street Mikhailov’s House (Dom Mikhaylova) XIX Regional № 246 361410049710005 14, Pushkinskaya Street School House (Uchilishchnyy dom) 1908-1909 Regional № 472 361410121330005 16, Pushkinskaya Street Bezrukov’s House (Dom Bezrukova) XIX Regional № 219 361410120020005 20, Pushkinskaya Street Klochkov's Residential House (Zhiloy dom Klochkova) XIX Regional № 219 361410060940005 26, Pushkinskaya Street Bereznikov’s House (Dom Bereznikova) 1913 Regional № 510 361410121410005 24, Pyatnitskogo Street Drugstore (Apteka) 1900 Regional № 472 361510197500005 30, Pyatnitskogo Street The merchant Khalturin’s Manor (Usad'ba kuptsa Khalturina): а) Khalturin’s Manor House b) Outhouse of Khalturin's estate 1890 1883 Regional № 472 361520219590005 361410121830015 361410219590025 42, 42а, Pyatnitskogo Street Deminy's House (Dom zhiloy Deminykh) XIX Regional № 510 49, Pyatnitskogo Street Romensky’s Residential House (Zhiloy dom Romenskogo) XIX Regional № 510 361510318890005 54, Pyatnitskogo Street Lazarenkov's House (Dom zhiloy Lazarenkova) 1881, 1902 Regional № 510 361410220230005 55, Pyatnitskogo Street Glushchenko’s Manor (Usad'ba Glushchenko) а) House b) Outhouse 1903, 1911 Regional № 510 361420123430005 69, Pyatnitskogo Street The complex of the Pokrovsky Monastery: а) cells (kel'i) b) Pechersk church (Pecherskaya cerkov') c) outbuilding (sluzhby) d) Abbess’s House (It was visited by the poet Zhukovsky) XIX 1835 XIX XIX Regional № 510 № 510 № 510 № 510 361520328970005 Rabochiy gorodok Street 27, 59, Rabochiy gorodok Street 30, Rabochiy gorodok Street 32, 36, Rabochiy gorodok Street 34, Rabochiy gorodok Street Alexandro-Mariinsky’ Eye Hospital (Aleksandro-Mariinskaya glaznaya lechebnitsa) 1911 Regional № 219 361510309120005 22, Revolyutsii 1905 goda Street Mikhailov’s Outhouse / Residential Building (Fligel' Mikhaylova / zhiloy dom rabochikh zavoda) 1873 Regional № 510 361510399930005 33, Revolyutsii 1905 goda Street Pervomayskiy Garden. Place of formation of the 1st Communist Regiment in Voronezh (Pervomayskiy sad. Mesto formirovaniya 1-go Kommunisticheskogo polka v Voronezhe) XIX, 1941 Regional № 246 Revolution Avenue, Pervomayskiy garden A. Germanovskaya’ Manor / The house where I.A. Bunin was born (Usad'ba A. Germanovskoy) XIX Regional № 219 3, Revolution Avenue (prospekt Revolyutsii) Residential house (Dom zhiloj) 1888-1890 Regional № 246 361410061000005 7, Revolution Avenue (prospekt Revolyutsii) Secondary Technical School named after Peter I (Srednetekhnicheskoye uchilishche imeni Petra I) 1900 Regional № 510 361410126340005 8, Revolution Avenue (prospekt Revolyutsii) The complex of buildings of the provincial district hospital with a home church (3 buildings) (Kompleks zdaniy gubernskoy zemskoy bol'nitsy s domovoy tserkov'yu (3 zdaniya)): а) Main building (hospital) b) Outbuilding c) Outbuilding d) Part of the provincial hospital complex XIX Regional № 246, № 510 10, 12, 14, Revolution Avenue (prospekt Revolyutsii) 1-d, Koltsovskaya Street Department of South-Eastern Railway (Upravleniye YUVZHD) 1930-50 Regional № 472 361410131980005 18, Revolution Avenue Travel Palace Building (Zdaniye Putevogo dvortsa) XVIII Federal № 1327 361510290470006 18/Е, Revolution Avenue Building 1 of Man's Gymnasium (Zdaniye 1 muzhskoy gimnazii) 1859 Federal № 624 361410132360006 19, Revolution Avenue (prospekt Revolyutsii) The building of the Treasury Chamber (Zdaniye Kazennoy palaty) 1787 Federal № 176 361410130990006 21, Revolution Avenue House of People’s Organizations / (Governor’s House) (Dom narodnykh organizatsiy (Dom gubernatora)) 1780 Regional № 246 361410133570005 22, Revolution Avenue Provincial government (Gubernskoye pravleniye) 1788-1859 Regional № 246 361410133340005 23, Revolution Avenue Theological School (Dukhovnoye uchilishche) 1880 Regional № 472 361410133700005 24, Revolution Avenue Provincial Post Office (Gubernskaya pochtovaya kontora) XIX Regional № 472 361510405030005 25, Revolution Avenue Shvanvich’s Hotel (Gostinitsa Shvanvicha) 1840 Regional № 246 361410138570005 27, Revolution Avenue Theological Seminary Building (Zdaniye dukhovnoy seminarii) XIX Regional № 246 361410133840005 29, Revolution Avenue Tulinov-Boldyrev's House (Dom Tulinova-Boldyreva) XIX Federal № 1327 361410309220006 30, Revolution Avenue Mariinsky Gymnasium (Mariinskaya gimnaziya) 1875 Regional № 246 361410132900005 32, Revolution Avenue Book House (Dom knigi) 1935 Regional № 246 361410134240005 33, Revolution Avenue Kapkanshchikov's House (Dom Kapkanshchikova) XIX Regional № 246 361410128650005 37, Revolution Avenue Somov’s House, where the writer A.P. Platonov worked at the editorial office of the newspaper "Voronezh Commune" (Dom Somova, gde v redaktsii gazety «Voronezhskaya kommuna» rabotal A.P. Platonov) 1913 Regional № 510 39, Revolution Avenue The building of the music school (Zdaniye muzykal'nogo uchilishcha) 1913, 1941 Regional № 246 361410306330005 41, Revolution Avenue Samofalov’s Hotel «Tsentral'naya» (Gostinitsa Samofalova «Tsentral'naya») XIX Regional № 246 44, Revolution Avenue The building of the hotel «Bristol» (Zdaniye gostinitsy «Bristol'») 1910 Federal № 176 361410056580006 43, Revolution Avenue Vansovich’ House (Dom Vansovicha) XIX, 1890 Regional № 246 361510405150005 45, Revolution Avenue Mikhailov’ House (Dom Mikhaylova) XIX, 1890 Regional № 246 361510405090005 47, Revolution Avenue Samofalov’ House (Dom Samofalova) XIX Regional № 246 361410050200005 46, Revolution Avenue The house where the writer Shubin lived (Dom, gde pisatel' Shubin zhil) 1880, 1948-1966 Regional № 246 361410136910005 48, Revolution Avenue The building of the Voronezh Drama Theater (Zdaniye Voronezhskogo dramaticheskogo teatra) XIX Federal № 624 55, Revolution Avenue Cinema "Uvechnyy voin" (Kinematograf "Uvechnyy voin") 1916-1917 Regional № 246 361410138820005 56, Revolution Avenue House trade "Utyuzhok" (Dom torgovli "Utyuzhok") 1930 Regional № 472 361410138430005 58, Revolution Avenue Residential House (Dom zhiloj) 1900 Regional № 510 361410142060005 9, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Historian G.M. Veselovsky’s House (Dom istorika G.M. Veselovskogo) 1840 Regional № 510 361510405270005 38, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Homestead (house, outbuilding) (Usad'ba zhilaya (dom, fligel')) 1830 Regional № 219 361520405950005 47, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Putintseva’s Residential House (Zhiloy dom Putintsevoy) XIX Regional № 219 361410143630005 50, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Zakharov's Residential House (Dom zhiloy Zakharova) XIX Regional № 219 361410143780005 53, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Hrschanovichi’s House (Dom Khrshchanovichey) 1911 Regional № 219 361410128410005 58, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Aristov's House (Dom Aristova) XIX Regional № 246 361410143890005 61, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Ryabokonev’s House (Dom Ryabokoneva) 1900 Regional № 219 361510404980005 75, Sacco and Vanzetti Street House of Cantonists (Dom kantonistov) XIX Regional № 246 361510306480005 76, Sacco and Vanzetti Street The house where the headquarters of the South-Western Front was located / the hostel of the Theological Seminary (Dom, gde pomeshchalsya shtab Yugo-Zapadnogo fronta / Obshchezhitiye Dukhovnoy seminarii) 1770 - 1883 Regional № 246 361510405920005 80, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Gardenina’s Manor House (Dom usad'by Gardeninoy) XIX - ХХ Regional № 219 361510406080005 86 – 88, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Manor of the Craftmen's Council (Usad'ba Remeslennoy upravy): а) House b) Outhouse (the house where the 1st city committee of Komsomol was located) XIX 1900 Regional № 510 № 246 361520405130005 361510405130025 361510405130015 87, Sacco and Vanzetti Street 87-а, Sacco and Vanzetti Street City Police Department (Gorodskoye politseyskoye upravleniye) XIX Regional № 510 361410143970005 93, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Sontsov's Manor (3 buildings) (Usad'ba Sontsova (3 zdaniya)) 1798 Regional № 246 102, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Two-storey residential building with an arch (Dvukhetazhnyy zhiloy dom s arkoy) 1912-1913 Regional № 219 104, Sacco and Vanzetti Street Paint shop railway workshops (Malyarnyy tsekh zheleznodorozhnykh masterskikh) 1868-ХХ Regional № 246 361510405210005 5, Sverdlov Street , Workshop of the Dzerzhinsky plant Residential Candle Plant House (Dom zhiloy svechnogo zavoda) 1881 Regional № 472 361410050170005 1, Svechnoy Lane Public Library named after I.S. Nikitin (Publichnaya biblioteka imeni I.S. Nikitina) XIX Regional № 510 361410059610005 8, Svobody Street Residential House (Dom zhiloj) XХ Regional № 472 361410146710005 33, Svobody Street Il'inskaya Church (Il'inskaya tserkov') 1770 Federal № 624 361410147790006 26, Sevast'yanovskiy s"yezd (Il'inskiy s"yezd) Street Ilyinsky Turn (retaining walls and pavement) (Il'inskiy s"yezd (podpornyye steny i mostovaya)) 1872 Regional № 510 36110059620005 Sevast'yanovskiy s"yezd (Il'inskiy s"yezd) Street Korablinov's House (Dom Korablinova) 1909 Regional № 219 361510405190005 23, Sirenevaya Street Voischev's Hotel (Zdaniye gostinitsy Voishcheva) ХIХ Regional № 246 391210004670005 10, Sredne-Moskovskaya Street Hotel "Grand Hotel" (Gostinitsa «Grand-Otel») XIX Regional № 219 361510309150005 ул. Средне-Московская, 12 Residential House (Dom zhiloj) XIX-ХХ, 1950 Regional № 510 361510405240005 22 / 24, , Sredne-Moskovskaya Street 26, Nikitinskaya Street Epifanov's House (Dom Epifanova) 1870 Regional № 510 361510405290005 28, Sredne-Moskovskaya Street Synagogue (Sinagoga) 1903 Regional № 472 361510406010005 6, Stankevicha Street Barracks of the Disciplinary Battalion (Kazarmy distsiplinarnogo batal'ona) XVIII, 1909-1910 Regional № 246 361520408670005 27 (54-а), Starykh Bol'shevikov Street Arsenal Building (Zdaniye Arsenala) XVIII Federal № 1327 43, Stepana Razina Street Vyakhirev’s Manor (Usad'ba Vyakhireva): а) Residential House of Vyakhirev’s Manor b) Residential House c) Buildings (sluzhebnyye postroyki) 1905 1873 XIX-XX Regional № 472 361420149790005 361410149790035 361410149790015 361410149790025 51, 53, 53а, Stepana Razina Street Babushkin's House (Dom Babushkina) 1907 Regional № 510 361410137450005 51а, Stepana Razina Street Sewing Workshop (Shveynaya masterskaya) XIX-ХХ Regional № 472 11/13, Kosti Strelyuka Street Cadet corps (Kadetskiy korpus) 1840 Regional № 510 361410146790005 3, Studencheskaya Street Borodin’s House (Dom Borodina) 1908-1909 Regional № 510 361410151810005 18а, Studencheskaya Street Starodubova and Klyuev's Houses (Doma zhilyye Starodubovoy i Klyuyeva) 1910-1911 Regional № 510 361410147270005 35, Studencheskaya Street Real School (Real'noye uchilishche) 1877-1879 Regional № 510 361510406550005 36, Studencheskaya Street Kazanskaya Church (Tserkov' Kazanskaya) 1909 Regional № 246 361510406630005 79, Suvorova Street Residential House / Meshchansky poorhouse (Dom zhiloj) / Meshchanskaya bogadel'nya XVIII Regional № 472 18, Taranchenko Street Nikolskaya church and bell tower (Nikol'skaya tserkov' i kolokol'nya) 1712-1720 Federal № 624 361410147310006 19а, Taranchenko Street Perren-Sinelnikova’s House (Dom Perren-Sinel'nikovoy) 1911 Regional № 472 361410147400005 40, Taranchenko Street Shtempel'’s House (Dom Shtempelya) 1911 Regional № 472 361410147440005 20, Teatral'naya Street Residential House (Dom zhiloj) ХХ Regional № 510 361410147470005 22, Teatral'naya Street Bank 1929-1930 Regional № 472 361410059530005 36, Teatral'naya Street Forestry Institute Building (Zdaniye lesotekhnicheskogo instituta) 1952 Regional № 219 361410151860005 8, Timiryazeva Street Hostel Housing (Korpus obshchezhitiya) 1930 Regional № 71-01-07/43 21, Timiryazeva Street "Rotunda" - the ruins of the building of the regional clinical hospital. Place of fierce fighting for the city of Voronezh in 1942-1943. («Rotonda» – ruiny zdaniya oblastnoy klinicheskoy bol'nitsy. Mesto ozhesto-chennykh boyev za gorod Voronezh v 1942-1943). 1942-1943 Regional № 246 361510410990005 Transportnaya Street and Burdenko Street (Street Crossing) Priest Nigrov’s Residential house (Dom zhiloy svyashchennika Nigrova) 1900 Regional № 510 361510406720005 35, Uritskogo Street Tikhvino Onufrievskaya Church (Tserkov' Tikhvino-Onufriyevskaya) 1735-1746 Regional № 246 8, Fabrichnyy Lane Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XVIII Regional № 219 10 (10а), Fabrichnyy Lane Gardenin’s House (Dom Gardenina) 1729-1735 Federal № 1327 12, Fabrichnyy Lane Gardenin’s House Buildings (Sluzhby doma Gardeninykh) XVIII Regional № 219 14, Fabrichnyy Lane Powerhouse and Steam Room Cadet Corps Building (Zdaniye elektrostantsii i parovoy prachechnoy kadetskogo korpusa) XIX - ХХ Regional № 472 361410152570005 1, Feoktistova Street Railway workshops (Zheleznodorozhnyye masterskiye) 1912 Regional № 246 361510407710005 1, Bogdana Khmel'nitskogo Lane Residential Railway House (Dom zhiloy zheleznoy dorogi) XX Regional № 510 361510406860005 13, Bogdana Khmel'nitskogo Street Residential Railway House (Dom zhiloy zheleznoy dorogi) XX Regional № 510 361510406850005 15, Bogdana Khmel'nitskogo Street Hospital Spiritual School (Bol'nitsa Dukhovnogo uchilishcha) 1911 Regional № 510 15, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Petrov’s House (Dom Petrova) 1913-1914 Regional № 246 361510309110005 19, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Somov’s House (Dom Somova) 1913-1914 Regional № 246 361510407550005 21, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Control Chamber (Kontrol'naya palata) ХХ Regional № 510 361410178820005 22, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Morozova’s Gymnasium (Gimnaziya Morozovoy) 1911-1912 Regional № 246 361510214730005 23, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Titov’s House (Dom Titova) 1883 Regional № 510 361410177310005 25, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Nikolayevskaya Progymnasium (Nikolayevskaya progimnaziya) XIX Regional № 246 361510405350005 31, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Merchant Manuylov's House (Dom kuptsa Manuylova) XIX, 1915 Regional № 510 361410176730005 35, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Inns (Postoyalyye dvory): a) Andrianovs’ Inn (left building) b) Goncharov’s Inn (2 central buildings) c) Rastorguev's Inn (right building) 1879 XIX XIX, 1910 Regional № 219 52, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Kashkin’s House, where the poet A. Koltsov visited (Dom Kashkina) XIX Regional № 510 53/А, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Zatekin's Inn (Postoyalyy dvor Zatekina) XIX Regional № 219 391210001360005 54, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Polezhaev's Hotel (Gostinitsa Polezhayeva) XIX Regional № 472 361510407560005 60, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street Red Cross Hospital: house, outhouse (Bol'nitsa Krasnogo Kresta: dom, fligel') XIX, 1894 Regional № 510 72, 72а, Fridrikha Engel'sa Street The building of the Spasskaya Church (Zdaniye Spasskoy tserkvi) XVIII Regional № 246 361410179510005 16b, Frunze Street Karmanov’s House (Dom Karmanova) 1899 Regional № 510 361410181500005 23, Frunze Street Pushkin’s House with bread shop (Dom s khlebnoy lavkoy Pushkina) 1910-1911 Regional № 510 361410182420005 3, Tselinnaya Street Residential house (Dom zhiloj) XIX - ХХ Regional № 510 361711019040005 11, Tselinnyy Lane Monument at the site of the battles of the Red Army with the Nazi invaders in 1941-1943 (Pamyatnik na meste boyov Krasnoy Armii s nemetsko-fashistskimi okkupantami v 1941-1943) 1947 Federal № 1327 Central Park of Culture and Rest Sinitsinsky barracks complex: - Merchant Sakharov’s House - Merchant Sinitsin's House - Sinitsin's Buildings - Barracks (Kompleks Sinitsinskikh kazarm) XVIII XVIII XVIII 1906 Regional № 246 5, Tsyurupa Street Siropitatel'nyy House with two buildings (Siropitatel'nyy dom s 2 sluzhbami) XVIII-XIX Regional № 510 11, Tsyurupa Street Machinskaya’s Houses of Profit (Doma dokhodnyye Machinskoy) 1900 Regional № 510 32, 34, Tsyurupa Street Water Tower of Romanovskaya Sloboda (Vodonapornaya bashnya Romanovskoy slobody) 1910 Regional № 71-01-07/41 361710909890005 42а, Chapayev Street House of the editorial board of the journal "Zheleznyy put'" (Dom redaktsii zhurnala "Zheleznyy put'") 1899 Regional № 246 361410182770005 3, Chaikovsky Street Administration building of the railway (Administrativnoye zdaniye zheleznoy dorogi) 1870 Regional № 246 2, Chernyakhovsky Square The house where I.S. Nikitin lived (Dom, v kotorom I.S. Nikitin zhil) XIX Regional № 219 361510410200005 19, Shevchenko Street A.A. Yakovlev’s manor / manor, where O.E. Mandelstam lived (Usad'ba Yakovleva / usad'ba, gde O.E. Mandel'shtam zhil) 1877 Regional № 472 2, 4, 4а, 4b, Shveynikov Street Brinkman’s Manor Outhouse (Usadebnyy fligel' Brinkmanov) 1840 Regional № 510 6, Shkol'nyy Lane Bust A.V. Koltsov (Byust A.V. Kol'tsova) 1868 Federal № 1327 361510206130006 Koltsov Square Monument V.I. Lenin (Pamyatnik V.I. Leninu) 1950 Federal № 1327 361510206160006 Lenin Square Monument I.S. Nikitin (Pamyatnik I.S. Nikitinu) 1911 Federal № 1327 Nikitin Square Monument to Peter I (Pamyatnik Petru I) 1860 – 1956 Federal № 1327 361510202850006 Petrovsky Square Monument to the Victims of the White Terror in 1919 (Pamyatnik zhertvam belogo terrora v 1919) 1929 Region-al № 246 361510207110005 Plekhanovskaya Street , Square in front of the house 10a The complex of buildings of the Agricultural Institute named after K.D. Glinka (Kompleks zdaniy Sel'skokhozyaystvennogo instituta imeni K.D. Glinki): Main building (training) Executive building Professorial building Student hostel (Studencheskoye obshchezhitiye) Corps "Servants" (Korpus «Sluzhiteley») Powerhouse building (Zdaniye elektrostantsii) Dendrology Park (Dendrologicheskiy park) a) Bath b) Hospital c) Student Dormitory (Hostel) d) School e) Students' hostel with a dining room. 1913-1920 Federal № 624 № 176 1, Michurin Street 3, Timiryazev Street 1, Timiryazev Street 11, Timiryazev Street 15, Timiryazev Street 19, Timiryazev Street 17, Timiryazev Street 23, Timiryazev Street 92, Lomonosov Street 96, Lomonosov Street 16, Darvin Street Mass grave № 15 (Bratskaya mogila) 1943 Regional № 92п 361610568510005 st. Yunnatov Mass grave № 17 (Bratskaya mogila) 1943 Regional № 92п 361610568490005 Morozov Street Mass grave № 1 (Bratskaya mogila) 1943 Regional № 92п 361610568520005 20-letiya Oktyabrya Street Mass grave № 2 (Bratskaya mogila) 1943 Regional № 92п 361610534340005 Moskovskiy prospekt Trinity Church (Tserkov' Troitsy) XVIII Regional № 510 Borovoye village Parish school (Shkola prikhodskaya) XIX Regional № 510 Borovoye village, Gagarin Street Railway Station (Zheleznodorozhnyy vokzal) XIX Regional № 510 Village Krasnolesny, 43а, Oktyabr'skaya Street (Grafskaya station) Zemstvo Sanatorium (3 buildings) (Sanatoriy zemskiy (3 zdaniya)) ХХ Regional № 510 Village Krasnolesny, 13, Lokhmatikov Street Spaso-Preobrazhensky Tolshevsky Monastery (Spaso-Preobrazhenskiy Tolshevskiy monastyr'): а) Preobrazheniya Church б) Abbot's corps в) Refectory building г) Cell corpus with the Uspeniya church д) Gate bell tower (basement) 1885 1842 1886 1863 1900 Regional № 510 361520326670005 361510326670035 361510326670055 361510326670025 361510326670045 361510326670015 Village Krasnolesny Church of the Nativity (Tserkov' Rozhdestva Khristova) 1801 Regional № 510 361510328500005 Malyshevo village Zemskaya School (Shkola zemskaya) 1914 Regional № 510 Malyshevo village St. Michael the Archangel’s Church (Tserkov' Mikhaila Arkhangela) 1808 Regional № 510 Repnoye village Parish school (Shkola prikhodskaya) XX Regional № 510 Repnoye village Stal'-fon-Gol'steyn’s Manor (Usad'ba Stal'-fon-Gol'steyna): а) Residential House b) Alekseevskaya Church c) Park XIX 1764 Regional № 510 Repnoye village (pension, home) Mass grave № 213 (Bratskaya mogila) 1942 Regional № 510 361610568500005 Repnoye village The bell tower of the Mitrofania’s Church (Kolokol'nya tserkvi Mitrofaniya) 1845 Regional № 510 361510330260005 Shilovo village The «White Mountain» Fortification (Gorodishche «Belaya gora») VIII – X Federal № 624 361640521940006 Voronezh Old Slavic Settlement (Drevneslavyanskoye gorodishche) VIII – X Federal № 1327 361640564450006 Voronezh Kurgan group "Bald Mountain" (13 mounds) (Kurgannaya gruppa "Lysaya gora" (13 nasypey)) VIII – X Federal № 624 361640521920006 Sanatorium named after M. Gorky The settlement at the recreation center "Zarya" (Poseleniye, «Zarya») II millenni-um BC Federal № 510 Recreation center "Zarya" The parking of ancient people 1 at the village of Borovoye (Stoyanka 1, Borovoye) Neolithic Age Federal № 510 Borovoye village The settlement near the village of Borovoye (Poseleniye, Borovoye) II millennium BC Federal № 510 Borovoye village The Settlement of Kaverinskoe (Gorodishche Kaverinskoye) VIII - III centuries BC. Federal № 176 361640513700006 Krasnolesny village The settlement at the camp «Usmanka» (Poseleniye «Usmanka») II millennium BC Federal № 510 Camp «Usmanka» Malyshevsky settlement (Malyshevskoye poseleniye) Multi-layered settlement Federal № 510 361640538610006 Malyshevo village Вurial mound of the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age (Kurgannyy mogil'nik epokhi bronza i rannego zheleznogo veka) II-I millennium BC Federal № 246 Podkletnoe village Burial mound at the village of Repnoe (4 embankments) (Mogil'nik kurgannyy, Repnoye (4 nasypi)) Multi-layered settlement Federal № 510 Repnoe village Settlement 1 at Repnoe village (Poseleniye 1, Repnoye) II millennium BC Federal № 510 361640566280006 Repnoe village Settlement 2 at Repnoe village (Poseleniye 2, Repnoye) II millennium BC Federal № 510 361640566320006 Repnoe village Settlement 3 at Repnoe village (Poseleniye 3, Repnoye) II millennium BC Federal № 510 361640566340006 Repnoe village Shilovo settlement 1 (Shilovskoye poseleniye 1) Multi-layered settlement Federal № 510 Shilovo village Shilovo settlement 2 (Shilovskoye poseleniye 2) Bronze Age Federal № 510 Shilovo village Shilovo settlement 3 (Shilovskoye poseleniye 3) Early Iron Age Federal № 510 Shilovo village Ustye settlement (Ust'yenskoye gorodishche) Early Iron Age Federal № 510 Shilovo village In the last years of the XX century, the country's economy began to form a market in the field of historical and cultural heritage, which can be called one of the new economic phenomena. This is evident not only in the demand for something old, but also in many other trends. First of all, it is a significant increase in the value of quotations of real estate and land directly related to the historical centers of cities and historical places in General (and, often, this excess does not correspond directly to the infrastructure of the area of historical development or modern economic development of the historical place). In the late 1990s. occurred the privatization of the first monuments of nature, history and culture, and currently there is a sufficiently active market demand for historical monuments and of the earth with the point of view of their lease and purchase. IV. CONCLUSION Preservation of monuments of natural, historical and cultural heritage plays a special role in promoting the tourist brand of the territory. Because, often, it is the heritage sites or attractions of the region that attract a large number of tourists. Thus, historical and cultural heritage is an important factor in the socio-economic development of individual cities and territories, which can ensure the development of the territory on the basis of the use of a certain resource. For a number of territories, the historical, cultural and natural wealth of the region becomes one of the real opportunities for their economic and social development. REFERENCE LIST Ashmarov, I.A., Ershov, B.A., Bulavin, R.V., Shkarubo, S.N., Danilchenko, S. (2018) The Material And Financial Situation Of The Russian Orthodox Church In The XIX - early XX centuries. International Multidisciplinary Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies “Far East Con” 2018. Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU). https://www.dvfu.ru/schools/engineering/far_east_con/ (in English). Baudrillard, J. (2000) Symbolic Exchange and Death. 387 p. (in Russ.). Buller, E.A. (1987) Social progress and cultural heritage. 56 p. (in Russ.). Denisov, A. F. (2002) Managerial interaction as a problem of personnel management. Bulletin of St. Petersburg State University. №. 24. Pp. 71-86. (in Russ.). Egorova, KS (2009) Evaluation of the effectiveness of works on preservation of architectural monuments Bulletin of the TSU. № 4. Pp. 264-270. (in Russ.). Ershov B.A. Ashmarov I.A., (2018) Interaction of the Orthodox Church and the state in Russia at the present stage.. Journal "Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research". Number 2, 2018, volume 1, Pp. 19-24. URL: http://bulletensocial.com/index.php/archive.html (in English). Ershov B.A., Ashmarov I.A., Drobyshev A.V., Zhdanova T.A., Buravlev I.A. (2017) Property and Land Relations of Russian Orthodox Church and State in Russia. The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences Pp. 324-331. (in Russ.). Ershov, B.A., (2012) Historiographical aspects of the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and state structures in the provinces of the Central Chernozem region in the XIX -early XX centuries. Vestnik Voronezh State Technical University. Series "Humanities". Pp. 188-192. (in Russ.). Ershov, B.A., (2013) Russian Orthodox Church in the structure of public administration in the XIX - early XX centuries: Monograph "Voronezh State Technical University. 245 p. (in Russ.). Ershov, B.A., Ashmarov, I.A., Danilchenko, S. (2018) The development of Russian church architecture in the 1990s-2017: the state and prospects. Publisher: DataONE. https://doi.org/10.15146/R3FQ16 (in English). Huseynova, N.M. (1999) Culture in Central and Eastern Europe. Change of values and institutional changes. Culture in the modern world: experience, problems, solutions. Issue 3. RGB. 112 p. (in Russ.). Kagan, B.JI. (2009) Cultural landscape in Russian geography. Culture Observatory: Journal Review. № 1. 114 p. (in Russ.). Kuleshov, M.E. (2007) Legal protection of the Kizhi cultural landscape as a heritage phenomenon. Ecology of Culture Arkhangelsk: Committee on Culture of the Arkhangelsk Region. № 2 (42). Pp. 34-44. (in Russ.). Kuleshova, ME (2007) The heritage and natural-cultural framework of territories. Proceedings of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. № 1. Pp. 7-14. (in Russ.). Mazin, V.A. (2004) Self-Value of Nature in the Culture of Ob-Ugrians. Publishing house Nizhnevarte. Ped. Inst. 127 p. (in Russ.). Mazurov, Y.L. (1994) Unique territories: a conceptual approach to the identification, protection and use. Unique territories in the cultural and natural heritage of the regions. RNII cultural and natural heritage. 216 p. (in Russ.). Onufrienko, G.F. (1995) Criminal problem number two (organized crime and artistic heritage is a new situation). Landmarks of cultural policy. № 5. 74 p. (in Russ.). Seleznev, E.H. (1994) Problems of cultural and historical heritage in the context of ideas of modernization. Issues of protection and use of historical and cultural monuments: a collection of scientific papers. Pp. 6-16. (in Russ.). Vedenin, Y..A. (1992) The place and role of heritage in the revival of the cultural landscape of Russia. Abstracts of the reports of the second international conference on the preservation and development of unique historical territories. 192 p. (in Russ.). Vernadsky, V.I. (2000) Scientific Thought as a Planetary Phenomenon. Works on the philosophy of science. Pp. 316-451. (in Russ.). Vostryakov, L.E. (1996) Regional managerial relations in the field of culture: the search for a new managerial paradigm. 112 p. (in Russ.). Zaitseva, L. (1996) Sources of financing the socio-cultural sphere and the role of industrial patronage. Voprosy Economic №. 6. (in Russ.). Zakharova, L.N. (2003) Tourism as a sociocultural phenomenon. Tourism as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Publishing house Tyumen. state un-that. Pp. 3-10. (in Russ.).

I. 引言
苏联解体与共产主义意识形态崩塌，使当代俄罗斯社会陷入对全新价值与文化标杆的探寻之中，同时促使社会重新认知自身身份认同的全新边界。在一个处于分裂与精神危机的社会中，冷漠情绪与社会倦怠感日益蔓延，民族与宗教排他主义思潮不断扩散，社会与民族仇恨持续加深，侵略性倾向愈发抬头。在俄罗斯现代变革的支持者与反对者之间的对抗日益公开化、日趋激烈的背景下，人们愈发清晰地认识到文化维度的重要性，以及文化遗产在佐证历史抉择、推动俄罗斯社会完成文化历史层面的自我认同过程中所扮演的角色与所处的地位。在当今世界文化遗产体系存续与运行的背景下，俄罗斯在文物保护领域的实践经验价值问题逐渐凸显。该体系促使我们采用已被证实行之有效的欧洲文化遗产保护标准，但这些标准并不总能适配俄罗斯社会的转型现实，且可能引发历史文化文物的新的流失风险。

II. 讨论
俄罗斯文化遗产保护传统的形成经验首次系统性总结始于彼得一世时期，这一阶段人们首次开展了探寻与保护俄罗斯古代遗迹的工作。这一史学研究困境由多重因素造成：俄罗斯学院派历史学科形成相对较晚；为甄别历史与文化遗存而开展的俄罗斯疆域调查工作不足；遴选标准模糊不清。在席卷俄罗斯社会知识阶层的激烈讨论中，诸多历史与哲学学术团体对本国文化遗产的负面认知被彻底扭转。一批专业人才由此成长起来，他们依托参与文物保护实践的亲身经历，能够明确提出当下亟待解决的诸多问题。
1917年十月革命后，文化与文化遗产保护领域的国家政策被意识形态化，且确立了苏共的垄断地位。布尔什维克掌权后确立的苏联文物保护理念认为，绝大多数文物作为“被诅咒的过往”的产物与剥削阶级活动的结果，不应得到保护。仅有“革命成就文物”“国民生活文物”与“红军文物”被纳入保护范畴。这一理念在М.Г.胡佳科夫（M.G. Khudyakova）的《为剥削阶级服务的革命前俄罗斯考古学》一文，以及20世纪20—30年代多篇“意识形态合规”的文章中均有体现。
苏联时期，在经历长期停滞之后，文物保护社会运动于20世纪60年代末得以恢复。全俄历史文化遗产保护协会（All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture）于1965年成立，并随即开展了广泛的科学与出版工作。自1972年起，该协会开始每年出版文集《祖国文物》；自1980年起，又每年两期推出同名专题年刊《全俄历史文化遗产保护协会年鉴》（含《俄罗斯庄园世界》《莫斯科修道院革命圣迹》等子版块）。
尽管作者已较为全面地梳理了革命前俄罗斯国家在文化遗产保护领域的历史经验，但整体而言该主题并未被完全覆盖。本研究未涉及的内容包括：国家对可移动历史文化文物保护问题的解决方案、针对个别政治家与科学界人士相关文物的保护活动，以及将俄罗斯历史文化文物保护经验与同期外国积累的相关经验进行对比分析等方面。

III. 结果
构建受保护的历史文化领地的理念受到了特别关注，此类领地可涵盖历史名城、庄园与修道院建筑群、古战场、历史古道、历史生产区域等。目前此类领地已以博物馆保护区或其他空间实体的形式得以创建，其中包括特定的行政辖区（行政区）。此类保护项目有时能够决定整个区域未来的经济专业化方向，以及其社会经济发展的前景。
遗产文物逐渐被视为区域的专属资源，并成为经济生活中一种全新的活跃因素。近年来，历史遗产的价值评价体系迎来革新，诸多曾被遗忘的历史人物与事件重新进入公众视野，宗教文物与圣迹也得到了修复。例如，在沃罗涅日市及沃罗涅日州的2730处历史文化遗存中，有260座教堂（占比约10%），这些教堂大多分布于各县区。这是一项极具价值且可靠的历史史实，理应引起历史学家与文化领域专家的关注。实际上，这些遗存大多属于地区级文物，但其中也不乏国家级文物。
沃罗涅日的犹太会堂始建于20世纪初，而路德宗教堂则建于19世纪上半叶。这一时期，东正教、路德宗与犹太教是当地最主要的宗教。
照片1：沃罗涅日市先知撒母耳教堂
照片2：沃罗涅日市尼科拉教堂
照片3：沃罗涅日市圣母庇护教堂
照片4：沃罗涅日市阿列克谢耶夫-阿卡托夫修道院
俄罗斯各区域社会生活中的一项重要变化，是涌现出大量关于历史、地方史与本土自然风貌研究的出版物（其中包括旧版典籍重印、未刊手稿整理以及全新的区域研究成果）。尤为关键的是“遗产”这一概念的普及——仅在十五年前，该概念还几乎无人使用。
后苏联时代的主要发展趋势之一，是从单一文物保护转向对自然与文化遗产整体的系统性保护，这一范畴既涵盖遗产本体，也包括其存续的周边环境。此类保护工作包括对所有遗产的甄别与梳理，其范畴不仅包括杰出的自然、历史与文化文物，还涵盖其他诸多重要元素：民俗文化、传统技艺、手工制品、历史城区环境、乡村发展与聚落体系、民族文化环境、自然资源环境等。所有这些元素均被视为国家文化遗产不可或缺的组成部分，亦是决定一国或某一区域文化身份的核心要素。
在自然、历史与文化文物领域，这一趋势正得到积极践行。俄罗斯各区域开展的文物普查工作已将大量新遗存纳入原有名录，其中不仅包括杰出的建筑、历史与纪念性艺术文物，还涵盖诸多19世纪末至20世纪初的建筑遗存。人们尤为关注建筑或历史建筑群的完整性。
照片5：沃罗涅日市弗拉基米尔圣母教堂
照片6：沃罗涅日市乌斯宾斯卡娅教堂
照片7：沃罗涅日神学院
照片8：沃罗涅日神学院现代教学楼
照片9：俄罗斯沃罗涅日的西伯利亚落叶松（Siberian larch）
1938年，4株西伯利亚落叶松幼苗被栽种于沃罗涅日市梅奇尼科夫巷22号的地块中。1941年，苏联卫国战争爆发，德军占领沃罗涅日市；1943年，该市从纳粹侵略者手中获得解放。当时前线阵地紧邻梅奇尼科夫巷22号建筑，德军坦克行经此处时损毁了其中3株落叶松，仅存的一株留存至今，它不仅是珍贵的母本种子资源，亦是沃罗涅日市惨烈保卫战的无言见证者。
西伯利亚落叶松自1960年起成为俄罗斯国树，还作为俄罗斯的代表植物被栽种于美国西雅图的人民友谊公园。落叶松象征着长寿与重生。
2015年，沃罗涅日国立大学鲍里斯·M·科佐-波梁斯基教授植物园的专家对该树进行了检测，团队成员包括：沃罗涅日国立大学植物园主任、农学副博士、生态学系副教授А.А.沃罗宁（A. A. Voronin），沃罗涅日国立大学植物园科研人员、地理学副博士Л.А.列佩什基娜（L. A. Lepeshkina），以及沃罗涅日国立大学植物园研究员、地理学副博士、副教授М.А.克列夫佐娃（M. A. Klevtsova）。2015年，专家将这棵树的检测材料（此时该西伯利亚落叶松已81岁高龄）提交至全俄“自然文物树木”项目的国家林木登记系统。经认证委员会审定，该独特树木被授予国家保护自然文物的身份。
当代文化发展的另一重要领域是历史文化领地体系的构建。这一文化政策的新趋势主张采用属地化方式开展遗产保护。国际社会长期以来始终关注本国文化遗产的保护状况，并致力于保护独特的自然环境领地。除了在20世纪下半叶制定国家级珍贵保护文物名录之外，国际社会还通过跨州项目开展文化文物与自然领地的保护与援助工作。自1972年起，《世界遗产名录》（World Heritage List）便成为依据联合国教育、科学及文化组织（United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO）《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》所编制的全球性遗产登记平台。

以下为截至2018年5月3日沃罗涅日市历史文化遗产完整名录，包含项目编号、文物名称、年代、保护等级、备案文件编号、统一国家文化遗产对象登记册编号及地址等详细信息。其中统一国家文化遗产对象登记册（Единый государственный реестр объектов культурного наследия, EGROKN）为俄罗斯官方文化遗产登记系统。

20世纪末，俄罗斯经济领域开始形成历史文化遗产相关市场，这可被视为全新的经济现象之一。这一趋势不仅体现在对老旧物件的需求增长上，还反映在诸多其他领域：首先，与城市历史中心及历史地点直接相关的不动产与土地的估值显著攀升（且此类溢价往往与历史发展区域的基础设施或历史地点的现代经济发展水平并不匹配）。20世纪90年代末，首批自然、历史与文化文物实现私有化，目前市场对历史文物及相关土地的租赁与购买需求已相当活跃。

IV. 结论
自然、历史与文化遗产的保护工作对提升区域旅游品牌形象具有特殊意义。通常而言，正是遗产点位与景区吸引了大量游客。由此可见，历史文化遗产是推动单个城市与区域社会经济发展的重要因素，能够依托特定资源禀赋助力区域发展。对诸多区域而言，本土历史、文化与自然财富是实现经济与社会发展的切实途径之一。

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