Labour Force Survey 2008 - Namibia

Abstract
---------------------------

Namibia conducted its fifth post-Independence national labor force survey in 2008. This survey, known as the Namibia Labor Force Survey 2008 (LFS 2008), provides a wealth of information on the state of labor force in the country that is by far superior in scope and quality to any that has been available previously, in particular that it incorporated a detailed module on Informal sector and Informal employment.

The 2008 Namibia Labor Force Survey was conducted to generate all the necessary information that would provide Government with the statistical data for analysis of employment, unemployment and underemployment and hence assist in formulating well-conceived policies designed to achieve full employment and promote socio-economic development in general. The report provides a wide range of information on population size and composition, employment and unemployment and other socio-economic characteristics of the workforce.

The findings of the survey provide important statistical base for strategic policy formulation. Apart from informing the public about the state of employment in Namibia, the survey results and in particular the unemployment rate should provide a basis for the evaluation and analysis of the macro-economic policies of the country. The results will also be essential in the design and evaluation of overall government policies aimed at promoting and creating employment.

Geographic coverage
---------------------------

The survey was conducted nation-wide and covered all thirteen regions.

Analysis unit
---------------------------

- Individuals
- Households

Universe
---------------------------

Whole population excluding the following groups: Persons living in institutions such as hospitals, hostels, barracks and prisons.

Kind of data
---------------------------

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
---------------------------

A stratified two-stage probability sample where the first stage units were geographical areas designated as the Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) and the second stage units were the households. The first stage units were selected from the sampling frame of PSUs and the second stage units were selected from a current list of households within the PSU, which was compiled just before the interviews for the survey.

The national sampling frame, which is maintained by the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), is based on the enumeration areas (EAs) of the 2001 Population and Housing Census and the households within the EAs. One PSU could be an EA, Part of an EA or more than one EA. The frame was stratified first by regions and then by urban/rural areas within each region. PSUs in the urban areas were further stratified into the high, middle or low levels of living according to the geographical location and the level of housing. In the regions where these levels contain large number of PSUs separate strata were made, while in the other regions a combined list of PSUs ordered by the levels was made. In the rural areas large proclaimed settlements and villages were stratified separately while the others were combined with the communal area PSUs. Communal and commercial area PSUs were grouped separately and combined to form one list for the rural strata. After all the above groupings the PSUs were geographically ordered within the strata.

Mode of data collection
---------------------------

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
---------------------------

In general the sections of the questionnaire are as follows:
Section A: Identification particulars of household
Section B: Information on all members of household
Section C: Education questions for those aged 6 years and above
Section D: Employment and labor questions for persons 10 years and above during the last 7 days (currently economically active or Labor force)
Section E: Employed for those who have worked the last 7 days or who had a job but did not work coded 1 in D1 or D2
Section F: Hours worked
Section G: Unemployed
Section H: Employees
Section I: Employers, Own Account Workers
Section J: Housing conditions
Section K: Control Section

Cleaning operations
---------------------------

The editing and coding of the questionnaires were handled in the regional centers. This arrangement, proved to be efficient as many of the errors made by the interviewers were detected and corrected by them before the questionnaires left the regional centers. A further benefit was the improvement of the processing speed since this process ran parallel to the fieldwork.

Response rate
---------------------------

Of 5,975 households covered countrywide, 5,246 households responded. This gives an 87.8% response rate.

Sampling error estimates
---------------------------

An average is in effect a ratio of two estimates, an estimate of the total and an estimate of the total number of units (households, individuals, etc.).
For more details on the sampling error estimation, see the Report on page 21.

摘要
---------------------------
纳米比亚于2008年开展了其第五次独立后的全国劳动力调查。此次调查被称为纳米比亚劳动力调查2008年（LFS 2008），它为该国劳动力状况提供了丰富的信息，其范围和质量远远超过以往任何可用的数据，特别是它纳入了关于非正规部门和就业的详细模块。
2008年纳米比亚劳动力调查的进行旨在生成政府所需的所有必要信息，以提供用于分析就业、失业和不足就业的统计数据，从而协助制定旨在实现充分就业和促进社会经济全面发展的深思熟虑的政策。报告提供了关于人口规模和构成、就业和失业以及其他劳动力社会经济特征的广泛信息。
调查结果为战略政策制定提供了重要的统计数据基础。除了向公众通报纳米比亚的就业状况外，调查结果，尤其是失业率，应为国家宏观经济政策的评估和分析提供依据。这些结果对于设计和评估旨在促进和创造就业的整体政府政策也将至关重要。
地理覆盖范围
---------------------------
调查在全国范围内进行，涵盖了所有十三个地区。
分析单元
---------------------------
- 个人
- 家庭

总体
---------------------------
除以下群体外，涵盖整个人口：居住在医院、宿舍、军营和监狱等机构的人员。
数据类型
---------------------------
样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
---------------------------
采用分层两阶段概率抽样，第一阶段单位为指定的初级抽样单位（PSU），第二阶段单位为家庭。第一阶段单位从PSU抽样框架中选取，第二阶段单位从PSU内当前的家庭名单中选取，该名单是在调查访谈前刚刚编制的。
国家抽样框架由国家统计局（CBS）维护，基于2001年人口和住房普查的统计区域（EA）以及EA内的家庭。一个PSU可能是一个EA，EA的一部分，或多个EA。首先按地区分层，然后在每个地区内按城市/农村地区分层。城市地区的PSU进一步按地理位置和住房水平分层为高、中或低生活水平的层次。在包含大量PSU的地区，这些层次被单独分层，而在其他地区，PSU的列表按层次组合。在农村地区，大型宣布定居点和村庄被单独分层，而其他地区与社区区域PSU组合。社区和商业区域PSU分别分组，然后组合形成一个用于农村层级的单一列表。在所有上述分组之后，PSU在层级内按地理顺序排列。
数据收集方式
---------------------------
面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
---------------------------
一般而言，问卷的各部分如下：
部分A：家庭识别信息
部分B：关于家庭所有成员的信息
部分C：针对6岁及以上人群的教育问题
部分D：针对过去7天内（目前经济活跃或劳动力）的10岁以上人员的就业和劳动力问题
部分E：针对过去7天内工作过或曾有过工作但未工作的被调查者（在D1或D2中编码为1的）
部分F：工作时间
部分G：失业者
部分H：雇员
部分I：雇主，自营劳动者
部分J：住房条件
部分K：控制部分
清洗操作
---------------------------
问卷的编辑和编码在地区中心进行处理。这种安排被证明是高效的，因为许多由调查员犯下的错误在问卷离开地区中心之前就被他们发现和纠正了。这一安排的另一个好处是提高了处理速度，因为这一过程与实地工作并行运行。
应答率
---------------------------
在全国范围内覆盖的5,975户家庭中，有5,246户家庭应答。这给出了87.8%的应答率。
抽样误差估计
---------------------------
平均数实际上是一个比率，即两个估计值的比率，一个是总数估计值，另一个是总单位数（家庭、个人等）的估计值。
有关抽样误差估计的更多详情，请参阅报告第21页。