Penataan ruang kota Jakarta Pusat berbasis kualitas air tanah untuk perkotaan berkelanjutan

The rapid development and urbanization process in urban areas have exerted significant pressure on the groundwater quality of urban areas. The objective of this paper is to spatially analyze the groundwater quality in Central Jakarta and its relationship with urban spatial planning and land use. The approach taken in this paper is quantitative, involving the collection of secondary data and spatial and descriptive data analysis. Groundwater quality parameters include color, turbidity, iron (Fe), mercury, cadmium, hardness (CaCO3), hexavalent chromium, nitrate, nitrite, zinc (Zn), sulfate, lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), detergents, organic (KMnO4), total coliform, E. Coli, Florida, and pH. The analysis results indicate that the land use in Central Jakarta is predominantly residential, with the dominant critical parameter affecting groundwater quality being detergents. Based on the analysis of land use and observed critical parameters, anthropogenic factors, particularly residential activities, are identified as the most dominant factor contributing to the decline in groundwater quality in Central Jakarta.

城市地区的快速发展与城市化进程，给区域地下水水质带来了显著压力。本研究旨在对雅加达中部的地下水水质进行空间分析，并探究其与城市空间规划及土地利用的关联。本研究采用定量研究方法，涵盖二手数据采集、空间分析与描述性数据分析三类工作。地下水水质参数包括色度、浊度、铁(Fe)、汞、镉、硬度(CaCO3)、六价铬、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、锌(Zn)、硫酸盐、铅(Pb)、锰(Mn)、洗涤剂、高锰酸盐指数(KMnO4)、总大肠菌群、大肠埃希氏菌(E. Coli)、Florida以及pH。分析结果显示，雅加达中部的土地利用类型以住宅用地为主，影响区域地下水水质的关键主导参数为洗涤剂。结合土地利用与观测关键参数的分析结果，本研究认定人为活动因素（尤以住宅活动为代表）是导致雅加达中部地下水水质下降的最主要驱动因素。