遇见数据集

Remote Sensing and Modeling of Permafrost and Hydrology [2. Reports: 5.0]

收藏
DataONE2015-06-18 更新2024-06-27 收录
官方服务:

资源简介:

Scientific Personnel V. E. Romanovsky, S. S. Marchenko, R.R. Muskett Partner Organizations: Alaska Ecoscience, USA Alfred Wegener Institute, Germany Centre d'etudes Nordiques, Department de Geographie, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada Danish Meteorological Institute, Denmark Institute of Earth Cryosphere, Russia Institute of Northern Engineering, UAF Interdisciplinary Centre on Climate Change and Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Canada International Arctic Research Center, UAF International Permafrost Association, USA Melinkov Permafrost Institute, Russia Moscow Institute of Geography, Russia Academy of Sciences National Center for Atmospheric Research, USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA Scenarios Network for Alaska Planning (SNAP), UAF Stokholm University, Sweden University of Delaware, USA University of New Hampshire, USA Water Environment Research Center, UAF Local Collaborators: Jorgenson, M.T., Alaska Ecoscience, AK Kholodov, A.L., Geophysical Institute, UAF Daanen, R., Institute of Northern Engineering, UAF Kanevskiy M., Institute of Northern Engineering, UAF Shur, Y., Institute of Northern Engineering, UAF Walsh, J., International Arctic Research Center, UAF Fresco, N., Scenarios Network for Alaska Planning, School of Natural Resources & Agricultural Sciences, UAF Rupp, S., Scenarios Network for Alaska Planning, School of Natural Resources & Agricultural Sciences, UAF Walter-Anthony, K., Water Environmental Research Center, UAF International Collaborators: Christensen, J., Danish Meteorological Institute, Denmark Comiso, J., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Oceans and Ice Branch, USA Duguay, C. R., University of Waterloo, Canada Frolking, S., Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, USA Georgiadi, A., Moscow Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences Groisman, P., National Climatic Data Center, USA Hachem, S., Université Laval, Québec, Canada Hubberten, H.-W., Alfred Wegener Institute, Potsdam, Germany Harden Jennifer, US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA Kattsov, V., Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Russia Kuhry, P., Stockholm University, Sweden Lawrence, D., National Center for Atmospheric Research, USA Malkova, G., Institute of Earth Cryosphere, Russia Pavlova, T., Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Russia Rawlins, M., University of New Hampshire, USA Rinke, A., Alfred Wegener Institute, Potsdam, Germany Romanovskii, N., Moscow State University, Russia Saito, K., Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science Technology, Japan Shiklomanov, N., University of Delaware, USA Shiklomanov, A., University of New Hampshire, USA Shkolnik, I.M., Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Russia Schirrmeister L, Alfred Wegener Institute, Potsdam, Germany Schuur A.G. Edward, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Stendel, M., Danish Meteorological Institute, Denmark Wisser, D., Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, USA Zheleznyak, M., Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Russia Funding: NSF Grants OPP ARC-0652838 [ARC-0520578 and ARC-0632400] NASA (NNOG6M48G), Alaska EPSCoR (NSF) The State of Alaska Study Sites Permafrost Freshwater Interactions Alaska, Canada, Russia Permafrost Observatories?Thermal state of permafrost in Russia and Central Asia Permafrost Freshwater Interactions Project continues investigations began during the Thermal State of Permafrost (TSP) Project with renewed and expanded collaboration. Our efforts focus and expand on permafrost and hydrology changes through geophysical modeling and remote sensing (satellite geodesy). During TSP in cooperation with above mentioned Russian partners a large number of existing boreholes have been identified for possible measurements (candidate sites). Many of these have metadata files on the IPA coordinated GTN-P website. Additional sites will be added to the web site. New boreholes over the next several years are planned. A total of 320 boreholes, located in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia were considered from the point of view of possibility for continuous geothermal observations (see Figure). Boreholes cover all types of permafrost, from continuous to sporadic, both on the plains and in the mountains. Active (sites where regular observations were carried out recently and are intended to continue in the future), candidate (where equipment for long-term observations can be installed soon), potential (equipment for long-term observation is planned to be installed during the project) and historical (there are some existing data but now these sites are unavailable for observations for different reasons) boreholes were selected. In order to standardize all investigations within the framework of the Project the “Manual for monitoring and reporting temperature data in permafrost boreholes” was developed. It allows better standardized collection, handling and interpretation of obtained data. In the Protocol two types of observation strategies are proposed: Type 1: Long-term high-frequency (hourly to daily) continuous observations in the limited number of key boreholes, which are representative of a given regions (note: these more frequent observations are desirable to depths of 15-20 meters); Type 2: Occasional or periodical measurements in the other available and deeper boreholes (if possible annual or more frequently). As a minimum, and based primarily on cost considerations for the IPY-TSP program, the use of HOBO U12 4-External Channel Data Loggerswith temperature sensors TMC-HD are proposed. At the same time, individual participants can employ other types of loggers and/or thermal cables (chains) with similar sensor characteristics. Research Goals The goal of our research is to obtain a deeper understanding of the temporal (interannual and decadal time scales) and spatial (north to south and west to east) variability and trends in the permafrost temperatures and physical changes (such as talik and the active layer) in the North of Eurasia and Alaska to develop more reliable predictive capabilities for the projection of these changes into the 21st century. We are employing ground datasets from the global permafrost temperature networks, global positioning system sites of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame organization, together with satellite-derived datasets of physical parameters such as land-surface temperature, gravity field changes, river runoff and snow water equivalent to name a few. Our modeling efforts employ the Geophysical Institute Permafrost Models (GIPL) and Geophysical Inverse Potential Field Theory.

科研人员 V. E. 罗曼诺夫斯基、S. S. 马尔琴科、R.R. 马斯基特 合作机构: 美国阿拉斯加生态科学中心 德国阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳研究所 加拿大魁北克拉瓦尔大学地理系北极研究中心 丹麦气象研究所 俄罗斯地球冰冻圈研究所 阿拉斯加大学北方工程研究所 加拿大滑铁卢大学气候与地理环境管理跨学科中心 阿拉斯加大学国际北极研究中心 美国国际永久冻土协会(IPA) 俄罗斯梅利尼科夫永久冻土研究所 俄罗斯科学院莫斯科地理研究所 美国国家大气研究中心 美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心 阿拉斯加大学阿拉斯加规划情景网络(SNAP) 瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学 美国特拉华大学 美国新罕布什尔大学 阿拉斯加大学水环境研究中心 本地合作研究者: M.T. 约根森,美国阿拉斯加生态科学中心,阿拉斯加州 A.L. 霍洛多夫,阿拉斯加大学地球物理研究所 R. 达南,阿拉斯加大学北方工程研究所 M. 卡涅夫斯基,阿拉斯加大学北方工程研究所 Y. 舒尔,阿拉斯加大学北方工程研究所 J. 沃尔什,阿拉斯加大学国际北极研究中心 N. 弗雷斯科,阿拉斯加大学自然资源与农学院阿拉斯加规划情景网络 S. 鲁普,阿拉斯加大学自然资源与农学院阿拉斯加规划情景网络 K. 沃尔特-安东尼,阿拉斯加大学水环境研究中心 国际合作研究者: J. 克里斯滕森,丹麦气象研究所,丹麦 J. 科米索,美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心海洋与冰川分部 C.R. 杜盖,加拿大滑铁卢大学 S. 弗罗尔金,美国新罕布什尔大学地球、海洋与空间研究所 A. 格奥尔吉亚迪,俄罗斯科学院莫斯科地理研究所 P. 格罗伊斯曼,美国国家气候数据中心 S. 哈谢姆,加拿大魁北克拉瓦尔大学 H.-W. 胡伯滕,德国波茨坦阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳研究所 珍妮弗·哈登,美国地质调查局,加州门洛帕克 V. 卡佐夫,俄罗斯沃伊科夫主要地球物理观测台 P. 库里,瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学 D. 劳伦斯,美国国家大气研究中心 G. 马尔科娃,俄罗斯地球冰冻圈研究所 T. 帕夫洛娃,俄罗斯沃伊科夫主要地球物理观测台 M. 罗林斯,美国新罕布什尔大学 A. 林克,德国波茨坦阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳研究所 N. 罗曼诺夫斯基,俄罗斯莫斯科国立大学 K. 斋藤,日本海洋地球科学技术厅 N. 希克洛马诺夫,美国特拉华大学 A. 希克洛马诺夫,美国新罕布什尔大学 I.M. 什科尔尼克,俄罗斯沃伊科夫主要地球物理观测台 L. 希尔迈斯特,德国波茨坦阿尔弗雷德·魏格纳研究所 A.G. 爱德华·舒尔,美国佛罗里达大学盖恩斯维尔分校 M. 施滕德尔,丹麦气象研究所 D. 维瑟,美国新罕布什尔大学地球、海洋与空间研究所 M. 热列兹尼亚克,俄罗斯梅利尼科夫永久冻土研究所 资助情况: 美国国家科学基金会(NSF)OPP项目资助编号ARC-0652838 [ARC-0520578与ARC-0632400] 美国国家航空航天局(NASA)资助项目NNOG6M48G、阿拉斯加EPSCoR(美国国家科学基金会资助) 阿拉斯加州政府 研究站点 永久冻土(permafrost)-淡水相互作用 阿拉斯加、加拿大、俄罗斯 永久冻土观测站?俄罗斯与中亚地区永久冻土热状态 永久冻土-淡水相互作用项目延续了此前在永久冻土热状态(TSP)项目中开展的研究,并通过合作升级与拓展进一步推进。本项目聚焦并拓展永久冻土与水文变化的研究,采用地球物理建模与遥感(卫星大地测量)技术手段。 在TSP项目期间,本团队与前述俄罗斯合作方合作,已识别出大量可开展测量的现有钻孔(候选站点),其中多数的元数据可在国际永久冻土协会(IPA)协调的全球永久冻土地面观测网络(GTN-P)网站上获取。后续将有更多站点补充至该网站,并计划在未来数年内开展新钻孔的布设。本项目共筛选出俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦与蒙古国境内的320个钻孔,评估其是否适合开展连续地热观测(详见附图)。这些钻孔覆盖了从连续多年冻土到零星多年冻土的所有类型,涵盖平原与山地两类区域。 最终筛选出四类钻孔:活跃钻孔(近期已开展常规观测并计划在未来持续监测)、候选钻孔(可尽快安装长期观测设备)、潜在钻孔(计划在本项目期间安装长期观测设备)以及历史钻孔(已有观测数据,但因各类原因目前无法开展监测)。 为规范本项目框架下的所有研究工作,团队制定了《永久冻土钻孔温度数据监测与报告手册》,以实现观测数据的标准化采集、处理与解译。该规程提出两类观测策略: 策略1:针对具有区域代表性的少量关键钻孔,开展长期高频(每小时至每日)连续观测(注:此类高频观测建议覆盖15-20米深度); 策略2:针对其余可用的较深钻孔开展偶测或定期测量(若条件允许,建议每年开展一次或更频繁的测量)。 结合国际极地年-永久冻土热状态(IPY-TSP)项目的成本考量,本项目推荐最低配置采用搭载TMC-HD温度传感器的HOBO U12四通道外部数据采集器。同时,各参与方也可选用其他参数规格相近的数据采集器或热缆(测温链)。 研究目标 本研究旨在深入理解欧亚大陆北部与阿拉斯加地区永久冻土温度及物理变化(如融土核与活动层)的时空(年际、年代际尺度,以及南北、东西方向)变异与趋势,从而为21世纪的冻土变化预测提供更可靠的模拟支撑。 研究团队将采用全球永久冻土温度网络的地面观测数据集、国际地球参考框架组织的全球定位系统站点数据,以及卫星反演的多类物理参数数据集,包括地表温度、重力场变化、河流径流与雪水当量等。 本项目的建模工作将采用地球物理研究所永久冻土模型(GIPL)与地球物理反演位势场理论。

创建时间:
2015-06-19
二维码
社区交流群
二维码
科研交流群
商业服务