Temperature compensation in a small rhythmic circuit

Temperature affects the conductances and kinetics of the ionic channels that underlie neuronal activity. Each membrane conductance has a different characteristic temperature sensitivity, which raises the question of how neurons and neuronal circuits can operate robustly over wide temperature ranges. To address this, we employed computational models of the pyloric network of crabs and lobsters. We employed a landscape optimization scheme introduced previously (Alonso and Marder, 2019) to produce multiple different models that exhibit a triphasic pyloric rhythm over a range of temperatures. We use the currentscapes introduced in (Alonso and Marder, 2019) to explore the dynamics of model currents and how they change with temperature. We found that temperature changes the relative contributions of the currents to neuronal activity so that rhythmic activity smoothly slides through changes in mechanisms. Moreover, the responses of the models to extreme perturbations—such as gradually decreasi...温度可影响神经元活动赖以存在的离子通道（ionic channels）的电导与动力学特性。每种膜电导（membrane conductance）均具备独特的温度敏感性特征，这引出了一个核心科学问题：神经元与神经元环路（neuronal circuits）如何在宽泛的温度区间内实现稳健运作。为解答这一问题，我们采用了螃蟹与龙虾的幽门网络（pyloric network）计算模型。我们使用Alonso与Marder（2019）此前提出的景观优化方案（landscape optimization scheme），构建了多个可在一系列温度区间内表现出三相幽门节律（triphasic pyloric rhythm）的模型。我们借助Alonso与Marder（2019）提出的电流景观（currentscapes）分析方法，探究模型离子流的动力学特性及其随温度的变化规律。我们发现，温度会改变各离子流对神经元活动的相对贡献，使得节律性活动可随离子机制的变化平滑过渡。此外，模型对极端扰动（extreme perturbations）的响应——例如逐步减小……