Enhanced room-temperature stimulated emission in WS2-based plasmonic heterostructure

Transition metal dihalides (TMDCs) have significant exciton binding energies and atomic level thickness, making them highly promising in the field of ultimate nanolasers. The integration of TMDCs with plasma systems provides great potential for further reducing device size. However, the limitations of proton exciton interactions and the loss of proton structures limit the improvement of device performance. This study introduces a heterostructure that combines chemically treated WS2 with gold microplate gratings. This combination creates a low loss platform that reduces non radiative recombination. By optimizing the structural parameters, we enhanced the coupling between excitons and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in heterostructures, effectively increasing the coupling rate by about two times. In addition, by utilizing quasi bound states (quasi BIC) in the continuum, we have achieved room temperature stimulated emission amplification with nanosecond pulse pump power exceeding 2.59 MW/cm ². Our findings provide a practical strategy for developing on-chip coherent light sources based on two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor proton structures, and offer valuable insights into the interactions between protons and excitons.