Parental Pressure Data

Introduction The Perceived Parental Pressure Scale (P-PPS) is an instrument designed to measure parental pressure among emerging adults for Sub-Sahara African culture. The study was carried out among emerging adulthood aged 18-25 years who are in tertiary institutions. One thousand five hundred and forty five participants took part in the study that lasted between 4th November 2019 and 20th February 2020. Participants One thousand five hundred and seventy-five (1575) data was collected out of which 1545 data were properly filled, and used in this study. The data were collected from four different higher institutions in Kwara state Nigeria. The breakdown are: 2 Universities namely University of Ilorin; Kwara State University and 2 Polytechnics namely Federal Polytechnic Offa; and Kwara State Polytechnic Ilorin respectively). Seven hundred and ninety-three 793 (51.32%) were male and 752 (48.67%) were female. Participants age were 18-20 = 775 (50.16%) and 21-25 = 770 (49.83%). Instrument Twelve (12) items were generated based on the scale development process which was conducted in a two-phased approach including exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The 10 items include is an existing standardized parental pressure scale. Results The results showed that the internal reliability of the scale was adequate with an overall alpha of 0.85. The results also showed convergent validity, meaning that the items were highly correlated and formed a separate factor, with factor loadings greater than 0.55. Discriminant validity was also established, with no cross-loadings between factors and a significant relationship between academic & career expectations and life aspirations with overall parental pressure. The reliability of the factors of current academic career expectations (α=0.81), life aspirations expectations (α=0.77), and overall parental pressure (α=0.85) were found to be good. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Parental pressure scale with a 2-factor structure model was an acceptable fit, with a good model fitness of χ2 = 69.33, CFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.036. The norm score was set using the average score plus one standard deviation of overall parental pressure, with higher scores indicating greater parental pressure (Norm Score = 33.76).介绍 感知父母压力量表（Perceived Parental Pressure Scale, P-PPS）是一款专为撒哈拉以南非洲文化开发的、用于测量新兴成年人所感知到的父母压力的研究工具。本研究的招募对象为18-25岁的高等院校在读新兴成年人，研究周期为2019年11月4日至2020年2月20日，最终共回收有效问卷1545份用于本研究。 参与者情况 本研究共收集到1575份问卷初稿，其中1545份填写完整的数据被纳入最终分析。所有有效数据均采集自尼日利亚夸拉州的四所高等院校，包括2所大学：伊洛林大学、夸拉州立大学，以及2所理工学院：奥法联邦理工学院、伊洛林夸拉州立理工学院。参与者的性别分布为：男性793人，占比51.32%；女性752人，占比48.67%。年龄分布为：18-20岁组775人，占比50.16%；21-25岁组770人，占比49.83%。 研究工具 本量表基于两阶段开发流程生成12个测题，开发流程涵盖探索性因素分析与验证性因素分析环节。其中10个测题源自已有的标准化父母压力量表。 研究结果 结果显示，该量表的内部一致性信度良好，总体克朗巴赫α系数为0.85。同时，量表具备良好的聚合效度：各测题间相关性较高且共同构成单一因子，因子载荷均大于0.55。区分效度亦得到验证，各因子间无交叉载荷，且学业与职业期望、人生抱负与总体父母压力间存在显著关联。各维度的信度表现良好：学业与职业期望维度（α=0.81）、人生抱负期望维度（α=0.77）及总体父母压力维度（α=0.85）。验证性因素分析结果表明，双因子结构的父母压力量表拟合度可接受，模型拟合指标为：χ²=69.33，CFI=0.98，GFI=0.97，TLI=0.98，RMSEA=0.036。本量表的常模分通过总体父母压力的平均分加一个标准差计算得出，得分越高代表个体感知到的父母压力越大（常模分=33.76）。