Opsin data from: Multiple axes of visual system diversity in Ithomiini, an ecologically diverse tribe of mimetic butterflies

The striking structural variation seen in arthropod visual systems can be explained by the overall quantity and spatio-temporal structure of light within habitats coupled with developmental and physiological constraints. However, little is currently known about how fine-scale variation in visual structures arise across shorter evolutionary and ecological scales. In this study, we characterise patterns of interspecific (between species), intraspecific (between sexes) and intraindividual (between eye regions) variation in the visual system of four ithomiine butterfly species. These species are part of a diverse 26-Myr-old Neotropical radiation where changes in mimetic colouration are associated with fine-scale shifts in ecology, such as microhabitat preference. By using a combination of selection analyses on visual opsin sequences, in-vivo ophthalmoscopy, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, and neural tracing, we quantify and describe physiolog..., , , # Opsin data from: Multiple axes of visual system diversity in Ithomiini, an ecologically diverse tribe of mimetic butterflies [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.zcrjdfng3](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.zcrjdfng3) Give a brief summary of dataset contents, contextualized in experimental procedures and results. ## Description of the data and file structure These data consist of a zip folder containing: a) alignment .fasta files for all UV, B, and LW opsin coding sequences used in the selection analyses. Alignments were generated using MACSE v2. and manually cleaned and trimmed with SeaView v5. b) gene tree .treefile files for UV, B, and LW opsins used in the selection analyses, constructed using IQ-TREE (multi-core v1.6.12) using ModelFinder and ultrafast bootstrap. ## Sharing/Access information All opsin sequences have been uploaded GenBank (accession IDs can be found in Table S1 of Wainwright *et al.* 2023)节肢动物视觉系统中显著的结构变异，可通过栖息地内光线的总量与时空结构，结合发育与生理限制因素加以解释。然而目前学界对较短演化与生态尺度下，视觉结构的精细尺度变异如何产生仍知之甚少。本研究对4种绡蝶族（Ithomiini）蝴蝶的视觉系统，刻画了种间（物种间）、种内（性别间）以及个体内（眼区间）的变异模式。这些物种属于拥有2600万年演化历史的多样化新热带区辐射类群，其拟态体色的变化与微生境偏好等生态位的精细转变密切相关。本研究结合视觉视蛋白（opsin）序列选择压力分析、活体检眼镜检查、显微计算机断层扫描（micro-computed tomography, micro-CT）、免疫组织化学、共聚焦显微镜成像以及神经示踪技术，对其生理特征进行定量与描述…… # 视蛋白数据来源：《绡蝶族视觉系统多样性的多维度解析——一类生态多样的拟态蝴蝶类群》 https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.zcrjdfng3 请结合实验流程与研究结果，对数据集内容进行简要概述 ## 数据集与文件结构说明 本数据集为一个压缩文件夹，包含两类文件： a）本研究选择压力分析所用的全部紫外（UV）、蓝（B）、长波（LW）视蛋白编码序列的比对.fasta文件，序列比对由MACSE v2.生成，并通过SeaView v5.进行手动校正与修剪； b）本研究选择压力分析所用的紫外、蓝、长波视蛋白的基因树.treefile文件，该文件通过多核版本IQ-TREE v1.6.12，结合ModelFinder与超快速自举（ultrafast bootstrap）方法构建完成。 ## 数据共享与获取说明 所有视蛋白序列已上传至GenBank（基因库），其登录号可参见Wainwright等（2023）发表论文的补充表S1。