Extensive range persistence in peripheral and interior refugia characterizes Pleistocene range dynamics in a widespread Alpine plant species (Senecio carniolicus, Asteraceae)

Recent evidence suggests that survival of arctic-alpine organisms in peripheral or interior glacial refugia are not mutually exclusive and may both be involved in shaping an organisms’ Pleistocene history, yet potentially at different time levels. Here, we test this hypothesis in a high-mountain plant (diploid lineage of Senecio carniolicus, Asteraceae) from the Eastern European Alps, in which patterns of morphological variation and current habitat requirements suggest survival in both types of refugia. To this end, we used AFLPs, nuclear and plastid DNA sequences and analysed them, amongst others, within a graph theoretic framework and using novel Bayesian methods of phylogeographic inference. Based on patterns of genetic diversity, occurrence of rare markers, distribution of distinct genetic lineages, and patterns of range connectivity both interior refugia in the formerly strongly glaciated central Alps and peripheral refugia along the southern margin of the Alps were identified. The...最新研究证据显示，北极高山生物在边缘冰期避难所（peripheral glacial refugia）与内陆冰期避难所（interior glacial refugia）中的存活并非互斥过程，二者均可参与塑造物种的更新世（Pleistocene）演化历史，且可能作用于不同的时间尺度。本研究以产自东欧阿尔卑斯山区的菊科（Asteraceae）卡氏千里光（Senecio carniolicus）二倍体谱系这一高山植物类群为研究对象，该类群的形态变异模式与现存生境需求均提示其曾在两类冰期避难所中均有存活。为此，本研究采用扩增片段长度多态性标记（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, AFLP）、核基因组与质体基因组DNA序列开展实验，并分别基于图论框架（graph theoretic framework）与新型系统发育地理推断贝叶斯方法对数据进行分析。基于遗传多样性格局、稀有标记（rare markers）的分布情况、独特遗传谱系（genetic lineage）的分布特征以及分布区连通性（range connectivity）模式，本研究成功识别出两类冰期避难所：其一为曾经历强烈冰川作用的阿尔卑斯中部内陆避难所，其二为沿阿尔卑斯南缘分布的边缘避难所。The...