Associations between plant and pollinator communities under grassland restoration respond mainly to landscape connectivity

1. Land use change can disrupt associations between different trophic groups, but it is unclear if habitat restoration can recover these associations. In Sweden, restoration efforts have been applied to increase areas of semi-natural grassland previously remaining as small fragments due to abandonment. We assessed how the associations between plant and pollinator communities can be modified by grassland abandonment and restoration, together with landscape connectivity. 2. We surveyed plant, hoverfly and bee communities in 10 abandoned, 18 restored and 10 intact grasslands in south-central Sweden, distributed along a gradient of isolation from other species-rich grasslands. We assessed the effects of management history and connectivity on the relationships between several measures of the composition of plant and pollinator communities as well as between plant community composition and pollinator guilds. 3. The composition of the local flowering plant community was an important determin...1. 土地利用变化会破坏不同营养类群（trophic groups）之间的关联，但目前尚不明确生境修复能否恢复此类关联。在瑞典，针对此前因撂荒而残存为小型斑块的半自然草原（semi-natural grassland），当地已实施修复工程以扩大其面积。本研究评估了草原撂荒与修复结合景观连通性（landscape connectivity），会如何改变植物群落与传粉者群落（pollinator communities）之间的关联。 2. 本研究在瑞典中南部的10块撂荒草原、18块修复草原与10块原生草原中开展了植物、食蚜蝇（hoverfly）与蜂类群落的调查，这些样地沿与其他物种丰富草原的隔离梯度分布。我们评估了管理历史与连通性对植物与传粉者群落组成的多项指标间的关联，以及植物群落组成与传粉者功能群（pollinator guilds）间关联的影响。 3. 本地开花植物群落的组成是一项重要的决...