ORAS5 global ocean reanalysis monthly data from 1958 to present

This dataset provides global ocean and sea-ice reanalysis (ORAS5: Ocean Reanalysis System 5) monthly mean data prepared by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) OCEAN5 ocean analysis-reanalysis system. This system comprises 5 ensemble members from which one member is published in this catalogue entry.
Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset taking into account the laws of physics. The reanalysis provides information without temporal and spatial gaps, i.e. the data are continuous in time, and the assimilation system provides information on every model grid point independently of whether observations are available nearby or not.
The OCEAN5 reanalysis system uses the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean model and the NEMOVAR ocean assimilation system. NEMOVAR uses the so-called 3D-Var FGAT (First Guess at Appropriate Time) assimilation technique, which assimilates sub-surface temperature, salinity, sea-ice concentration and sea-level anomalies.
The ORAS5 data is forced by either global atmospheric reanalysis (for the consolidated product) or the ECMWF/IFS operational analysis (for the operational product) and is also constrained by observational data of sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea-ice concentration, global-mean-sea-level trends and climatological variations of the ocean mass.
The consolidated product (referred to as "Consolidated" in the download form) uses reanalysis atmospheric forcing (ERA-40 until 1978 and ERA-Interim from 1979 to 2014) and re-processed observations. The near real-time (referred to as "Operational" in the download form) ORAS5 product is available from 2015 onwards and is updated on a monthly basis 15 days behind real time. It uses ECMWF operational atmospheric forcing and near real time observations. The consolidated data benefits from atmospheric forcing consistency. The operational data benefits from near real-time latency.
ORAS5 data are also available at the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) and at the Integrated Climate Data Centre (ICDC), Hamburg University. The present dataset, at the time of publication, provides more variables than the others and has regular updates with near real-time data. For the period from 2015 to the present, the operational ORAS5 data provided in the CDS is different from the dataset provided by CMEMS, because different atmospheric forcings and ocean observation data were used in the generation of the two products.
The ORAS5 dataset is produced by ECMWF and funded by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

本数据集提供由欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）OCEAN5海洋分析-再分析系统制备的全球海洋和海冰再分析（ORAS5：海洋再分析系统5）月平均数据。该系统包含5个集合成员，其中1个成员收录在本目录条目中。再分析通过将模型数据与全球范围内的观测数据相结合，考虑物理定律，构建了一个全球完整且一致的数据集。再分析提供的信息无时空缺口，即数据在时间上连续，且同化系统独立于附近是否有观测数据，为每个模型网格点提供信息。OCEAN5再分析系统采用Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean（NEMO）海洋模型和NEMOVAR海洋同化系统。NEMOVAR运用所谓的3D-Var FGAT（首次适当时间猜测）同化技术，同化次表层温度、盐度、海冰浓度和海平面异常。ORAS5数据受全球大气再分析（针对综合产品）或ECMWF/IFS运行分析（针对运行产品）的驱动，并受海表温度、海表盐度、海冰浓度、全球平均海平面趋势和海洋质量气候变化的观测数据约束。综合产品（在下载表格中称为“综合”）使用再分析大气强迫（ERA-40至1978年，ERA-Interim自1979年至2014年）和再处理观测数据。近实时（在下载表格中称为“运行”）ORAS5产品自2015年起提供，每月更新，滞后15天。它使用ECMWF运行大气强迫和近实时观测数据。综合数据得益于大气强迫的一致性。运行数据得益于近实时延迟。ORAS5数据亦可在Copernicus海洋环境监测服务（CMEMS）和汉堡大学综合气候数据中心（ICDC）获取。截至出版时，本数据集提供的变量多于其他数据集，并具有定期更新，包括近实时数据。从2015年至今的期间，CDS中提供的运行ORAS5数据与CMEMS提供的数据集不同，因为两个产品在生成过程中使用了不同的大气强迫和海洋观测数据。ORAS5数据集由ECMWF制作，并由Copernicus气候变化服务（C3S）资助。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

ORAS5数据集是由ECMWF提供的全球海洋再分析月度数据，覆盖1958年至今，结合模型和观测数据，确保时空连续性。数据集包含两个产品：'Consolidated'（使用再分析大气强迫）和'Operational'（近实时更新，从2015年开始）。