Specific green volume per net sub-block 2009 (WFS service)

Important information about the layer: The specific green volume per net sub-block is based on the specific green volume as a grid with a spatial resolution of 1 m (note: Basic dataset in GK5 with 0.5 m resolution).This was statistically evaluated in the present layer for the individual net sub-blocks. The declared value corresponds to the mean of all raster cells contained in the respective block.A conclusion on their distribution as well as the vegetative structural elements in the room (for example, only meadow and on the edge of the area high vegetation or meadow with trees) cannot be deduced from this. For more concrete statements on the distribution structure, the grid of the specific green volume is to be used. Water Areas (here:Net sub-block areas with the type of water use) with the exception of tree canopy overhangs do not contain any green volume that can be detected by remote sensing, these areas are not taken into account in the presentation of the green volume. General background information on the specific green volume: The specific green volume as synonym for green volume is based on the expert report “Green Volume Determination of the City of Dresden based on Laser Scan Data” prepared by the Leibniz Institute for Ecological Spatial Development e.V. (IÖR) of August 2014 (notes:Data base 2009-2011). This can be viewed under the assigned document. Introduction: Urban green is indispensable from an urban ecological and social point of view and fulfils important functions such as dust retention, temperature reduction, wind damping or groundwater regeneration. In addition, public green spaces provide oasis of tranquility, which serve recreation, leisure and communication and fulfil important social functions. Depending on the context, the vegetation is described by different characteristics: — Forestry (Baumart, stock density, breast height diameter and shielding degree) — Botany (leaf area index — LAI = Leaf Area Index — as a basis for determining the certification density and photosynthetic activity or production performance) — Agriculture (plant biomass, as measure of yield accounting). In the urban context, the biodiversity of vegetation makes it difficult to capture leaf area index or biomass. For this reason, simple, planningally meaningful and, above all, practicable indicators play an important role.For the application in large-scale construction management and landscape planning, a computational determination of the green volume was therefore developed by the planning community GROSSMANN, SCHULZE, POHL. The green volume is described by means of the area-related green volume number (GVZ). It was introduced as a counterpart to the planning-relevant benchmarks for structural use, such as the base area number (GRZ) or the number of floor areas (GFZ).In addition to the vegetation-related indicators biotope factor (BFF), soil function number (BFZ) and the degree of greening, it is intended to enable the formulation of minimum requirements for greening during planning, as it has a high ecological significance. What is the Green Volume Number (GVZ)? Green volume is understood as the sum of the above-ground volume of all plants. It is indicated in m³. The green volume is limited by the outer shell of the vegetation, which is described in the practical survey of idealised geometric primitive forms: — Cradle: Lawns, herbs and shrubs — Ball:e.g. oak — Cylinder: e.g. poplar — Cone: e.g. conifer The green volume total of all vegetation objects in relation to a defined reference area (e.g. building block) results in the green volume number (GVZ), which is alternatively referred to as “specific green volume” and has the unit m³/m². The present generalised grid (original resolution 0.5 m) already has the specific green volume (m³/m²) for the individual cells (resolution now 1 m), which at the same time corresponds to the absolute green volume. Data base/methodology: The basis for determining the green volume is laser scan data, RGBI image data and building data. A detailed description of the procedure can be found in the associated document. Classification of the specific green volume: — 1st class: vegetationless (= 0 m³/m²) — 2nd class: up to and including 0.1 m³/m² — 3 rd class: up to and including 0.5 m³/m² — 4th class: up to and including 0.75 m³/m² — 5th grade: up to and including 1 m³/m² — 6th grade: up to and including 3 m³/m² — 7th grade: up to and including 8 m³/m² — 8th grade: up to and including 14 m³/m² — 9th grade: up to and including 20 m³/m² — 10th grade: up to and including 25 m³/m² — 11st grade: exceeding 25 m³/m² The classification in the present gradation is based on the assumptions made in the model and for a better plastic representation of vegetation objects. Limitation: In accordance with the intended use for environmental, landscape and construction planning, the application scale is limited to 1:5,000 despite seemingly detailed presentation possibilities.关于本图层的重要说明：每个栅格子区块的单位面积绿量（specific green volume），基于空间分辨率为1米的单位面积绿量栅格（注：基础数据集采用分辨率0.5米的GK5坐标系数据）。本图层已针对各栅格子区块完成该数据的统计计算，所公布的数值为对应区块内所有栅格单元的平均值。无法通过该数值推导其空间分布特征，以及区域内的植被结构要素（例如仅为草地、区域边缘的高大植被，或带有树木的草地）。若需获取分布结构的更具体结论，需使用单位面积绿量栅格数据。 水域区域（此处指用水类型为水域的栅格子区块），除树木冠层悬垂区域外，不含遥感可探测的绿量，因此绿量可视化展示中未纳入此类区域。 单位面积绿量的通用背景信息： 单位面积绿量为绿量（green volume）的同义术语，其测算依据为2014年8月由莱布尼茨生态空间发展研究所（Leibniz Institute for Ecological Spatial Development e.V., IÖR）编制的专家报告《基于激光扫描数据的德累斯顿市绿量测算》（注：数据基准年份为2009-2011年）。相关文档可查阅指定附件。 引言： 从城市生态与社会视角来看，城市绿地不可或缺，其可发挥滞尘、降温、防风及地下水补给等重要功能。此外，公共绿地可营造静谧休憩空间，为市民提供休闲、娱乐与社交场所，承载重要的社会功能。根据应用场景不同，植被可通过不同特征进行表征： - 林业维度：树种、林分密度、胸径及郁闭度 - 植物学维度：叶面积指数（Leaf Area Index, LAI），为确定冠层密度及光合活性或生产性能的基础指标 - 农业维度：植物生物量，作为产量核算的衡量指标。 但在城市场景中，植被的生物多样性使得叶面积指数或生物量的测算难度较高。因此，简单易行、具备规划意义且可实操的指标便成为重要替代方案。针对大规模工程管理与景观规划的应用需求，GROSSMANN、SCHULZE与POHL团队研发了绿量的量化测算方法。绿量可通过面积相关绿量指数（Green Volume Number, GVZ）进行表征，该指数作为与建筑结构规划相关的基准指标（如基底面积指数GRZ、容积率GFZ）的对应指标被提出。除植被相关的生境因子（BFF）、土壤功能指数（BFZ）及绿化度外，该指数还可用于制定规划阶段的绿化最低要求，因其具备较高的生态价值。 何为绿量指数（GVZ）？ 绿量指所有植物的地上部分体积总和，单位为立方米。绿量以植被外轮廓为边界，在实际测算中通过理想化几何图元形式进行表征： - 台状：草坪、草本植物与灌木 - 球状：例如橡树 - 柱状：例如杨树 - 锥状：例如针叶树 所有植被对象的总绿量与指定参考区域（例如建筑区块）的比值即为绿量指数（GVZ），该指数也可称为"单位面积绿量"，单位为m³/m²。本研究所用的通用栅格数据（原始分辨率0.5米）已包含各栅格单元的单位面积绿量（当前分辨率重采样为1米），该数值同时对应绝对绿量。 数据基础与方法论： 绿量测算的基础数据包括激光扫描数据、RGBI影像数据及建筑数据。测算流程的详细说明可查阅配套文档。 单位面积绿量分级标准： - 第1级：无植被（=0 m³/m²） - 第2级：≤0.1 m³/m² - 第3级：≤0.5 m³/m² - 第4级：≤0.75 m³/m² - 第5级：≤1 m³/m² - 第6级：≤3 m³/m² - 第7级：≤8 m³/m² - 第8级：≤14 m³/m² - 第9级：≤20 m³/m² - 第10级：≤25 m³/m² - 第11级：>25 m³/m² 本次分级标准基于模型预设条件制定，旨在更直观地可视化植被对象。 使用限制： 尽管本数据具备精细化展示潜力，但结合其环境、景观与工程规划的应用定位，其使用比例尺仅限1:5000。