Human activities and landscape features interact to closely define the distribution and dispersal of an urban commensal.

The rock pigeon, Columba livia, is a cosmopolitan human commensal, domesticated thousands of years ago. However, the human-mediated factors governing its distribution and dispersal are not well understood. In this study, we performed (1) hierarchical distance sampling on ~400 island-wide point transects, (2) a population genomic inquiry based on ~7000 SNPs from almost 150 individuals, and (3) landscape-genomic analyses on the basis of extensive ecological and social-economic databases to characterize the distribution and dispersal patterns of rock pigeons across Singapore. Our distance sampling results indicated that the volume of intentional ‘mercy feeding’ and availability of high-rise buildings are the most reliable predictors of high pigeon densities in Singapore. Genomic analyses demonstrated that rock pigeons in Singapore form a single population possibly derived from rapid expansion from a genetically homogenous group of founder individuals. Specifically, rock pigeons in Singapor...原鸽（Columba livia）是一种广布性与人伴生的物种，数千年前即已被驯化。然而，目前对调控其分布与扩散的人为介导因素仍不甚明晰。本研究开展了三项工作：(1) 针对全岛范围内约400个点截线样点的分层距离抽样（hierarchical distance sampling）；(2) 基于近150个个体的约7000个单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism，SNP）位点开展种群基因组学研究；(3) 基于多维度生态与社会经济数据库开展景观基因组学分析（landscape-genomic analyses），以解析整个新加坡境内原鸽的分布与扩散模式。本研究的距离抽样结果显示，人为主动的“爱心投喂”规模与高层建筑的可获得性，是新加坡境内原鸽高密度分布的最可靠预测因子。基因组分析结果表明，新加坡境内的原鸽构成一个单一种群，其可能源自一群遗传背景均一的奠基个体的快速扩张。具体而言，新加坡境内的原鸽……