Atmospheric Motion Vectors IR1 and IR3 - Feng-Yun - 2H

Atmopsheric motion vectors (AMVs) are a valuable observation type for providing dynamical information for forecast models. They are produced by tracking clouds or gradients in water vapour through successive satellite images. AMVs have been assimilated in forecast models since the 1980s. Traditionally they are generated using imagery from geostationary satellites, which monitor a constant region of the Earth. AMVs are produced at several centres including EUMETSAT in Europe, NESDIS in the USA, JMA in Japan, CMA in China and IMD in India.大气运动矢量（Atmospheric Motion Vectors，以下简称AMVs）是一类可为数值预报模式提供动力场信息的重要观测资料。其通过追踪连续卫星影像中的云团或水汽梯度生成。自20世纪80年代起，AMVs便已被广泛应用于数值预报模式的资料同化工作中。传统上，AMVs多依托对地静止卫星的影像数据生成——这类卫星可持续监测地球的固定区域。目前全球多家机构均可生成AMVs，包括欧洲的欧洲气象卫星组织（EUMETSAT）、美国的国家环境卫星数据与信息服务局（NESDIS）、日本的日本气象厅（JMA）、中国的中国气象局（CMA）以及印度的印度气象部门（IMD）。