Sleepers types on main tracks

Kilometres of main tracks by type of sleepers since 2006.

In general, the rails are fixed on a support (sleepers, longitudinal beams, wood pieces) and, exceptionally, on a solid concrete slab.

The sleepers have a double purpose:

to keep the two rails in place and thus achieve and maintain the track gauge imposed;
to support the rails and transfer the loads of the trains evenly to the ballast.
On the main tracks, you will find the following type of sleepers :

Wood : in oak or azobe
Concrete : two generation, old and new
Metal

2006年以来按轨枕（sleepers）类型分类的正线轨道里程。
一般而言，钢轨固定于支撑结构（轨枕、纵梁、木垫块）之上，特殊情况下则直接固定于整体混凝土板上。
轨枕具备双重功能：
一是将两根钢轨固定就位，以实现并维持规定的轨距；
二是支撑钢轨，并将列车荷载均匀传递至道砟层。
正线轨道中可采用以下类型的轨枕：
木质轨枕：采用橡木或阿佐贝木
混凝土轨枕：分为两代，即旧型与新型
金属轨枕