Seawater carbonate chemistry and freeze tolerant of subtidal Mytilus trossulus and subtidal M. galloprovincialis, and intertidal M. trossulus

A full-factorial experiment was used to study whether ocean acidification increases mortality in subtidal Mytilus trossulus and subtidal M. galloprovincialis, and intertidal M. trossulus following sub-zero air temperature exposure. We examined physiological processes behind variation in freeze tolerance using 1H NMR metabolomics, analyses of fatty acids, and amino acid composition.