Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera, grain-size distribution and magnetic susceptibility record of sediment core MD99-2339

High-resolution grain size and magnetic susceptibility records from the eastern Gulf of Cadiz (site MD99-2339; 1170m water depth) reveal contourites formed by the Mediterranean Outflow (MOW) during the last 47kyr BP. Oscillations in the MOW's intensity occurred in phase with Greenland temperature variations with a stronger outflow during northern hemisphere coolings such as Dansgaard-Oeschger stadials, Heinrich events, and the Younger Dryas. Benthic delta13C data implies the Western Mediterranean Deep Water as one of the main sources feeding the outflow current, while differential changes in the properties of the Mediterranean source and entrained North Atlantic Central Water largely control the MOW's strength. Detailed studies for Heinrich events 1, 4 and 5 show that the flow strength peaked only when subtropical surface waters prevailed in the eastern Gulf of Cadiz, while incursions of icebergs and subpolar surface water were not favorable for the MOW's intensification. […]

高分辨率颗粒尺寸和磁性感应度记录揭示了位于加的斯湾东部（MD99-2339站点；水深1170米）的轮廓岩沉积物，这些沉积物由地中海出流（MOW）在距今约47千年前形成。地中海出流的强度波动与格陵兰温度变化同步，在北半球冷却期，如丹斯加德-奥斯切格冰期、海因里希事件以及新仙女木期，出流更为强劲。底栖δ13C数据表明，西地中海深层水是供应出流主流的主要来源之一，而地中海源区与夹带北大西洋中央水的性质差异在很大程度上控制了地中海出流的强度。对海因里希事件1、4和5的详细研究表明，当副热带表层水在加的斯湾东部盛行时，出流强度达到峰值，而冰山侵入和副极地表层水的入侵则不利于地中海出流的增强。