Flood risk prevention plan for the Favone and Canella watersheds

The COVADIS data standard for risk prevention plans includes all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of geographical data represented in the risk prevention plans (RPPs). The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: the nuclear risk, the industrial risk, the risk of transport of dangerous materials and the risk of dam failure.The risk prevention plans (PPR) were established by the Law of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether they are natural, technological or multi-risk, risk prevention plans have similarities. They contain three categories of information:• Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area.• The hazards causing the risk are contained in hazard documents which can be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different levels of intensity of each hazard taken into account in the risk prevention plan.• The issues identified during the development of the PPR can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps.These similarities between the different types of RPPs and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to process the different types of risk prevention plan (NRPP natural risk prevention plans, technological risk prevention plans PPRT)This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards.The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of PPR geographical data, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and sustainable development, on the other.

COVADIS风险预防计划数据标准涵盖了风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，简称RPPs）中地理数据数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。该标准覆盖的主要风险包含本国境内可预见的8类主要自然灾害与4类技术风险：自然灾害包括洪涝、地震、火山喷发、地面沉降、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴；技术风险则涵盖核风险、工业风险、危险货物运输风险以及溃坝风险。

风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPR）由1995年2月2日颁布的《加强环境保护法》确立。PPR工具纳入1987年7月22日颁布的《民防组织、森林防火与重大风险预防法》的规制范畴。RPP的编制主体为国家，由省长负责审批。

无论针对自然风险、技术风险还是综合风险，各类风险预防计划均具备共通性，均包含三类信息：
• 规制绘图：即对受风险影响的领土进行地理划定，该划定明确了特定规制适用的区域。此类规制为地役性要求，并根据区域面临的灾害等级设定差异化约束条件，所有划定区域均通过全覆盖研究区域的分区规划图进行可视化呈现。
• 致险源信息：致险灾害的相关内容收录于灾害文档中，此类文档可嵌入汇报文本或作为RPP附件。文档用于绘制风险预防计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级分布图。
• 问题梳理信息：在PPR编制过程中识别出的相关问题，也可通过地图形式作为获批文件的附件进行附加。

鉴于不同类型RPP之间的共通性，以及实现PPR数据标准化的需求，COVADIS最终选择采用单一数据标准，该标准具备足够的通用性，可适配各类风险预防计划，包括自然风险预防计划（Natural Risk Prevention Plans，简称NRPP）与技术风险预防计划（Technological Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPRT）。

本数据标准并非对风险计划档案的完整建模，其适用范围仅涵盖RPP中的地理数据（无论是否属于规制范畴），且PPR标准并非用于统一灾害相关知识的标准化规范。当前面临的核心挑战在于构建一套适配PPR地理数据统一存储的描述规范，因为此类数据同时受到农业、生态与可持续发展领域的多个政府部门关注。