Data from: Specific 50-kHz vocalizations are tightly linked to particular types of behavior in juvenile rats anticipating play

AbstractRat ultrasonic vocalizations have been suggested to be either a byproduct of physical movement or, in the case of 50-kHz calls, a means to communicate positive affect. Yet there are up to 14 distinct types of 50-kHz calls, raising issues for both explanations. To discriminate between these theories and address the purpose for the numerous 50-kHz call types, we studied single juvenile rats that were waiting to play with a partner, a situation associated with a high number of 50-kHz calls. We used a Monte-Carlo shuffling procedure to identify vocalization-behavior correlations that were statistically different from chance. We found that certain call types (“split”, “composite” and “multi-step”) were strongly associated with running and jumping while other call types (those involving “trills”) were more common during slower movements. Further, non-locomotor states such as resting and rearing were strongly predictive of a lack of vocalizations. We also found that the various sub-types of USVs can be clustered into 3–4 categories based on similarities in the way they are used. We did not find a one-to-one relationship between any movements and specific vocalizations, casting doubt on the motion byproduct theory. On the other hand, the use of specific calls during specific behaviors is problematic for the affect communication hypothesis. Based on our results, we suggest that ultrasonic calls may serve to coordinate moment-to-moment social interactions.
Usage notesVocalization Data - Testing Day 7 OnlyThese vocalization files are from the second set of data analysis where all data was taken from the last day (day 7) of data analysis. The files are named R_D_C. R for rat number, D for day of testing and C for the cohort the animal belonged to. These files match the videos uploaded.Vocalization Data - Assorted DaysThese vocalization files are from the first set of data analysis where all data was taken from assorted days of play anticipation and used for data analysis. The files are named R_D_C. R for rat number, D for day of testing and C for the cohort the animal belonged to. These files match the videos uploaded.Behavioural Data -Day 7 OnlyThese video files are from the second set of data analysis where all data of anticipation of play was taken from the last day (day 7) for data analysis. The files are named R_D_C. R for rat number, D for day of testing and C for the cohort the animal belonged to. These files match the video files uploaded.Behavioural Data - Assorted DaysThese vocalization files are from the first set of data analysis where the data was taken from assorted days of anticipation of play for data analysis. The files are named R_D_C. R for rat number, D for day of testing and C for the cohort the animal belonged to. These files match the corresponding vocalization files uploaded.Data for Paper Publication - Video (2).zip

有观点认为，大鼠的超声波发声（ultrasonic vocalizations, USVs）要么是躯体运动的副产物，要么就50千赫兹叫声（50-kHz calls）而言，是用于传递积极情绪的交流信号。然而50千赫兹叫声存在多达14种不同亚型，这让上述两种解释都面临矛盾。为甄别这两种理论，并厘清丰富的50千赫兹叫声亚型的存在意义，我们对等待与同伴玩耍的幼年大鼠开展了研究——该场景下50千赫兹叫声的发生率极高。我们采用蒙特卡洛洗牌（Monte-Carlo shuffling）程序来识别与随机概率存在统计学差异的发声-行为关联。我们发现，特定叫声亚型（如“拆分型”“复合形”及“多步型”）与奔跑、跳跃行为显著相关，而另一些包含“颤音”的叫声亚型则更常见于慢速运动过程中。此外，静息、直立等非运动状态可强烈预测无发声行为的发生。我们还发现，各类超声波发声亚型可基于其使用模式的相似性聚为3~4个类别。我们未发现任何运动与特定叫声间存在一一对应关系，这对“运动副产物”理论提出了质疑。另一方面，特定行为伴随特定叫声使用的现象，也对“情绪交流假说”构成了挑战。基于本研究结果，我们推测超声波发声或用于协调实时的社会互动过程。

使用说明
仅测试第7天的发声数据
该发声数据集来自第二组数据分析，所有数据均取自最后一轮分析的第7天。文件命名格式为R_D_C，其中R代表大鼠编号，D代表测试天数，C代表该动物所属的队列。本数据集与已上传的视频文件一一对应。
多测试日发声数据
该发声数据集来自第一组数据分析，所有数据取自玩耍期待任务的多测试日样本，用于开展数据分析。文件命名格式为R_D_C，其中R代表大鼠编号，D代表测试天数，C代表该动物所属的队列。本数据集与已上传的视频文件一一对应。
仅测试第7天的行为数据
该视频数据集来自第二组数据分析，所有玩耍期待行为数据均取自最后一轮分析的第7天。文件命名格式为R_D_C，其中R代表大鼠编号，D代表测试天数，C代表该动物所属的队列。本数据集与已上传的视频文件一一对应。
多测试日行为数据
该发声数据集来自第一组数据分析，所有数据取自玩耍期待任务的多测试日样本，用于开展数据分析。文件命名格式为R_D_C，其中R代表大鼠编号，D代表测试天数，C代表该动物所属的队列。本数据集与已上传的对应发声文件一一对应。
论文发表用数据集 - 视频(2).zip