BackgroundThe rapid spread of HBV has resulted in the emergence of new variants. These viral genotypes and variants, in addition to carcinogenic risk, can be key predictors of therapy response and out
Avian influenza virus subtypes H5, H7, and H9 related epidemics are accountable for huge losses to the poultry and avian industry in Pakistan. Well-timed and accurate diagnosis of subtype(s) concomita
Background: The epidemic NAP1/027 Clostridioides difficile strain (MLST1, ST1) that emerged in the mid-2000 is on the decline. The current distribution of C. difficile strain types and their transmiss
