Agroeconomic viability of taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) and cucumber consortium in function of plant arrangement

ABSTRACT Taro culture presents hardiness in relation to adverse environmental and biological factors and long cycle, making it an interesting culture for intercropping. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic viability and economic yield of taro intercropped (additive association) with cucumber. The experiment was conducted in the field from October 2012 to June 2013. It consisted of seven treatments, having cucumber cultivated, in three of them, in the form of consortium with one taro plant every 30 cm; two plants each 60 cm opposite to each other, and alternatingly opposing each other in the lines. Three other treatments consisted of single cucumber cultivation, following the same distribution of the consortium. For the last treatment, taro monoculture was used. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. We determined chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, crop productivity, and economic indicators. The intercropping favored cucumber production but affected taro production. All consortia were agronomically viable for presenting land use efficiency above the unit, as well as higher gross income than the control and early entry resources with the cucumber harvest; however, due to the low market value for cucumber at harvest, net income did not differ from taro monoculture. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters may explain, in part, the lowest taro production values obtained in the treatments in association with cucumber.