Analysis of high-risk factors of early pulmonary bacterial infection after lung transplantation and their correlation with long-term death risk

Objective: To investigate the high-risk factors of early pulmonary bacterial infection after lung transplantation and their correlation with the risk of long-term mortality in patients. Methods: The clinical data of 142 patients who underwent lung transplantation treatment in our hospital from January 2018 to July 2022 were retrospectively collected, and 111 cases were screened and enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Independent risk factors for early lung infection were assessed using univariate analysis and multifactorial logistic regression analysis; independent prognostic risk factors for 1-year survival after lung transplantation were assessed using univariate analysis and multifactorial Cox regression analysis. Results: Univariate analysis showed that age, bacterial infection of donor lung, and operation time were risk factors for early lung infection after lung transplantation; multifactorial analysis showed that these three were independent risk factors. Univariate analysis manifested that intraoperative blood loss and oxygenation index influenced 1-year survival; multivariate analysis indicated that both were independent prognostic risk factors. Conclusion: Early pulmonary infection was not an independent factor affecting 1-year survival, but massive intraoperative blood loss and decreased oxygenation index were independent risk factors that increased the risk of death within 1 year. The study suggests that clinical work should emphasize the control of intraoperative bleeding and the maintenance of the oxygenation index in order to improve the prognosis of patients.