Compositional and functional gut microbiome in celiac disease patients compared to first-degree relatives and effect of gluten free diet on them. Homo sapiens

Background & Aims: Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by interaction between host genetics and environmental factor such as gluten. Recent studies have suggested disparity in gut microbiome in patients with CeD. However, a comprehensive understanding of the community level dysbiosis and dysfunction in gut microbiome remains obscure.Methods: Microbiota diversity was assessed using deep sequencing of small intestinal biopsies and stool samples obtained from 14 patients (treatment na?ve celiacs, TnCeD; TnCeD after 6 months of gluten free diet (GFD), Fup; first-degree relatives, FDRs; controls, DC.