Gut microbiome characterization of urban and traditional amazonian populations. Gut microbiome characterization of Amazonian populations

The disappearing gut microbiome of Amazonian traditional populations hasbeen a topic of debate and great concern. A recent shift in subsistence strategy among indigenous peoples ofthe Brazilian Amazon may be one main factors related to the increasing prevalence of typicallywestern diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this project is characterizethe gut microbiome of indigenous and urban individuals from the BrazilianAmazon.Our ?findings show that the indigenous population has the highest microbialdiversity, followed populations urban individuals. Compositional analyses pointed to awesternization transition among these populations and the gradual loss oftypically traditional taxa, such as Treponema. The increasing rhythm observed in terms of the prevalence of metabolic diseases and it's association with the gut microbiome makes thecharacterization of Brazilian Amazonian populations an urgent topic in terms ofpublic health.