Influence of fertilizers on incidence and severity of early blight and late blight potato diseases under field condition | IJB

The potato (Solanum tuberosum) production in the Far North Region, Cameroon is confronted with, diseases and pests. To improve the production of this plant, a study was carried out in Mouvou and Gouria to evaluate the impact of fertilizers on the development of late blight and early blight diseases of this plant. The experimental design used was a completely randomized block with 4 treatments: Mycorrhizae (MYC), NPK (20-10-10) chemical fertilizers, chicken droppings (CD) and a control (T). The plant material used was a local variety of potato (Dosa). Disease incidence and severity and rainfall were evaluated. Area Under Disease Progress Curve was calculated. At 60 DAS, mean incidences recorded for fertilizers were 5.7, 3.6, 1.8 and 0.8 % respectively for control, MYC, NPK and CD. In general, early blight severity decreased from 22.1% at 45 DAS to 0.3 % at 60 DAS. The highest AUDPC value of late blight at Mouvou site was observed in NPK treatment while potato in CD treatment had the lowest. The lowest AUDPC value of early blight was observed in CD treatment at both sites. AUDSIPC value for late blight was significantly higher in NPK treatment in both sites. The highest value of AUDPSIC of early blight was recorded in MYC treatment, 45 DAS in both sites. The average rainfall was higher in the Gouria site (716.5mm) than in Mouvou site (679 mm). The CD treatment can be recommended to the farmers for the phytosanitary protection of potatoes.喀麦隆极北地区的马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）生产面临病虫害威胁。为提升该作物的产量，研究团队在穆武（Mouvou）与古里亚（Gouria）两地开展田间试验，评估肥料对马铃薯晚疫病与早疫病发生发展的影响。本试验采用完全随机区组设计，共设置4个处理组：菌根菌（Mycorrhizae, MYC）、NPK（20-10-10）化肥、鸡粪（Chicken droppings, CD）以及空白对照组（Control, T）。供试材料为当地马铃薯品种多萨（Dosa）。研究测定了病害发病率、严重度及降雨量，并计算了病害流行曲线下面积（Area Under Disease Progress Curve, AUDPC）。播种后第60天（60 Days After Sowing, DAS）时，各肥料处理组的平均发病率分别为：对照组5.7%、菌根菌组3.6%、NPK化肥组1.8%、鸡粪组0.8%。总体而言，早疫病严重度从播种后第45天（45 DAS）的22.1%降至播种后第60天的0.3%。穆武站点的晚疫病最高AUDPC值出现在NPK化肥处理组，而鸡粪处理组的晚疫病AUDPC值最低。两处站点的早疫病最低AUDPC值均出现在鸡粪处理组；晚疫病AUDPC值则以NPK化肥处理组显著最高，早疫病的最高AUDPC值均记录于播种后第45天的菌根菌处理组。古里亚站点的平均降雨量（716.5mm）高于穆武站点（679mm）。综上，鸡粪处理方式可推荐给农户，用于马铃薯的植保防护。