Preparation and performance study of the self-embrittle composite detergent for radioactive decontamination

[Background] As a new research decontamination method, the self-embrittle decontamination technology is that the membrane will crack and peel off naturally to achieve the purpose of decontamination after the decontamination agent membrane adsorbs pollutants. [Methods] The composite detergent with the self-embrittle function was prepared by compounding nano-SiO2 modified with γ-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane with random copolymer P(MMA-co-MAA-co-HFBMA) emulsion. [Purpose] This study aims to prepare several surface radiaction decontaminants and analyze their performance of decontamination.[Result] The structure and properties of the composite emulsion were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the control of the self-embrittle morphology of the detergent could be realized by adjusting the ratio of MMA/MAA in the random copolymer. [Conclusion] When MMA/MAA/HFBMA = 7/5/0.1, the detergent has the good self-brittleness and forms uniformly sized and moderately sized embrittle flakes on the surface of the material, which facilitates subsequent collection and processing. And the decontamination rate of simulated radioactive fallout ash (mixed with elemental K) is greater than 95%, which demonstrates good decontamination effects.