Surrogacy: on the point of private and public

Surrogacy is the most relevant area for scientific research around the world. The global community is concerned that assisted reproductive technology is being used as a way of human trafficking. But conscientious participants, spouses, for whom the use of this technology is the only way to become parents, are at risk of repression, since even in those states in which surrogacy is allowed, there is no complete understanding of how not to cross the line between a good cause and a criminal tort. Freedom of contract in this case should have very clear boundaries. It should be under a strict control of the state, excluding even the slightest possibility of transforming private legal relations into criminal offenses. The moral side of surrogacy, religious contradictions are not considered in this essay, since this is a very subtle issue that has both social conflict and different attitude to this institute. The essay offers an author's vision of the existence of status quo in private law. The author will be glad to develop the discussion in this direction.代孕（Surrogacy）是全球范围内科学研究最具相关性的核心领域。国际社会普遍担忧，辅助生殖技术（Assisted Reproductive Technology）正被用作人口贩运的手段。然而，对于那些仅能借助该技术实现为人父母愿望的秉持良知的参与者与配偶而言，他们却面临着遭受迫害的风险——即便在代孕合法化的国家，也尚未形成清晰的认知，难以明确如何划清合法事由与刑事侵权（Criminal Tort）之间的界限。在此场景下的契约自由应当具备明确边界，且需接受国家的严格监管，以彻底杜绝将私人法律关系转化为刑事犯罪的任何微小可能。本文未探讨代孕的道德层面与宗教争议，因该问题极为微妙，既存在社会冲突，公众对这一制度的态度也存在显著分歧。本文就私法领域的现存现状提出了作者的独到见解，作者亦期待能就此方向展开进一步探讨。