Diplazium zangnanense, a new species of the twinsorus-fern genus Diplazium (Athyriaceae) from Xizang Province, China

Diplazium zangnanense, a new species of Diplazium Sw. from Medog county, Xizang Autonomous Region, China, is described and illustrated. Morphological comparisons between this new species and similar ones (e.g., D. kawakamii, D. medogense, D. muricatum, D. multicaudatum, and D. spectabile, etc.) are provided. Molecular evidence shows that the new species is closely related to D. multicaudatum. The most distinctive characters of D. zangnanense are its decumbent to erect rhizomes, bicolorous scales with toothed margin on the stems, and oblong sori., We combined all six chloroplast markers(atpA,atpB, matK , rps4-trnS IGS, trnL-F, matK ) in one dataset and analyzed them using the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. For ML and BI analyses, we used PartitionFinder v.2.1.1 (Lanfear et al., 2012) to determine the appropriate DNA substitution model according to the corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc). The ML analysis was conducted using IQ-Tree v.1.6 (Nguyen et al., 2014), with bootstrap values (BS) calculated based on 1,000 bootstrap replications. The BI analysis was performed in MrBayes v.3.2.6 (Ronquist et al., 2012) based on the same partitioning schemes and substitution model as indicated in the ML analysis. Four Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) chains were run, and every chain was generated for 3,000,000 generations with one cold chain and three hot chains. We sampled the cold chain every 1,000 generations. We combined the independent runs to obtain majority-rule consensus trees and to calculate pos..., , # *Diplazium zangnanense*, a new species of the twinsorus-fern genus *Diplazium* (Athyriaceae) from Xizang Province, China [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5dv41nsfm](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5dv41nsfm) ## Description of the data and file structure We have submitted our raw alignment data(**LH_Diplazium_lmjnew_corrected.fas**),GenBank number and voucher information(**Table_S1.docx**),raw trimmed phylogenetic trees based on Bayesian inference (BI) methods methods(**LH_Diplazium_BI.con.tre**),raw trimmed phylogenetic trees based on maximum likelihood (ML) methods (**LH_Diplazium_ML.contree**). **Data Files (Dryad)** **LH_Diplazium_lmjnew_corrected.fas** * The dataset includes chloroplast sequences of other species that are closely related to the new species,including matK, rbcL, rps4, trnL-F, rps4-trnS IGS, atpA, and atpB. **LH_Diplazium_BI.con.tre** * Used alignment data(**LH_Diplazium_lmjnew_corrected.fas**) constructed the phylogenetic tree. Based on Bayesian inference (BI) ...本研究记述并图解了产自中国西藏自治区墨脱县的双盖蕨属（*Diplazium* Sw.）新种藏南双盖蕨（*Diplazium zangnanense*）。同时将该新种与近缘类群（如台湾双盖蕨*D. kawakamii*、墨脱双盖蕨*D. medogense*、多茎双盖蕨*D. muricatum*、多尾双盖蕨*D. multicaudatum*以及美丽双盖蕨*D. spectabile*等）进行了形态学比较。分子证据表明，该新种与多尾双盖蕨（*D. multicaudatum*）亲缘关系密切。藏南双盖蕨最显著的形态特征为：具平卧至直立的根状茎，茎上被有边缘具齿的双色鳞片，以及长圆形的孢子囊群。 本研究将6个叶绿体分子标记（atpA、atpB、matK、rps4-trnS 基因间隔区（IGS）、trnL-F以及matK）整合至同一数据集，采用最大似然法（maximum likelihood, ML）与贝叶斯推断法（Bayesian inference, BI）进行系统发育分析。针对ML与BI分析，本研究借助PartitionFinder v.2.1.1（Lanfear等，2012）依据校正赤池信息准则（AICc）筛选最优DNA替换模型。ML分析通过IQ-Tree v.1.6（Nguyen等，2014）完成，自展值（bootstrap values, BS）基于1000次重复抽样计算得到。BI分析则基于ML分析所确定的分区方案与替换模型，在MrBayes v.3.2.6（Ronquist等，2012）中运行。本研究设置4条马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛（Markov Chain Monte Carlo, MCMC）链（1条冷链与3条热链），每条链运行300万代，每1000代对冷链进行1次抽样。将独立运行的结果合并后构建多数规则共识树并计算后验概率…… # 藏南双盖蕨（*Diplazium zangnanense*）：产自中国西藏的双盖蕨属（*Diplazium*）新种，隶属于蹄盖蕨科（Athyriaceae） [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5dv41nsfm](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5dv41nsfm) ## 数据与文件结构说明 本研究已提交以下数据与文件：经校正的原始比对序列文件（**LH_Diplazium_lmjnew_corrected.fas**）、GenBank编号及凭证标本信息文件（**Table_S1.docx**）、基于贝叶斯推断法构建的原始修剪后系统发育树文件（**LH_Diplazium_BI.con.tre**），以及基于最大似然法构建的原始修剪后系统发育树文件（**LH_Diplazium_ML.contree**）。 **Dryad数据库提交的数据文件** **LH_Diplazium_lmjnew_corrected.fas** * 该数据集包含该新种近缘物种的叶绿体序列，涵盖matK、rbcL、rps4、trnL-F、rps4-trnS 基因间隔区（IGS）、atpA以及atpB。 **LH_Diplazium_BI.con.tre** * 基于经校正的原始比对序列文件（**LH_Diplazium_lmjnew_corrected.fas**）构建系统发育树，采用贝叶斯推断法（BI）……