[Epidemiological analysis of human anti-rabies prophylaxis associated with accidents with cats]

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to know the epidemiological profile of the patient who sought post-exposure anti-rabies treatment associated with accidents with domestic cats in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil, from 2007 to 2016. An exploratory analysis of the reports on human rabies of the Notification of Injury Information System was performed. In the results, it was observed that 37.4% of the individuals were female adults aged 20-59 years, 88.7% were urban residents, 26.1% were white, and only 31.7% sought anti-rabies care within 24 hours of exposure to the rabies virus. Bite lesions occurred in 75.6%. Regarding the type of wound, 59.6% were superficial; as for the anatomical location, 62.2% occurred in hands / feet and 50.1% were single lesions. It is necessary to adopt socio-educational actions among the population, due to the risk of transmission of the rabies by the cat, especially in areas where the rabies virus circulates in bat populations. Improvements in the completion of the SINAN notification sheets are suggested to better understand the epidemiological profile of patients seeking anti-rabies treatment and thus improve the management of this public service.摘要 本研究旨在明确2007年至2016年间，巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州贝洛哈里桑塔市家猫致伤后接受狂犬病暴露后治疗的患者的流行病学特征。本研究对伤害通报信息系统（Notification of Injury Information System，简称SINAN）中收录的人类狂犬病相关报告开展探索性分析。 结果显示，37.4%的受试对象为20~59岁的成年女性，88.7%为城市常住居民，26.1%为白人，仅31.7%的患者在暴露于狂犬病病毒后的24小时内前往医疗机构接受狂犬病诊疗服务。75.6%的病例存在咬伤性皮损；按伤口类型划分，59.6%为浅表伤口；按解剖部位统计，62.2%的损伤发生于手/足部，50.1%为单发皮损。 鉴于家猫具备狂犬病传播风险，尤其在狂犬病病毒在蝙蝠种群中循环传播的区域，需在人群中开展社会教育类干预行动。同时建议完善SINAN通报表格的填写工作，以更全面地掌握狂犬病暴露后就医患者的流行病学特征，进而优化该公共卫生服务的管理水平。