PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM UNDER STRESS

The present research aims to comprehensively investigate the physiological impact of psychological stress on cardiovascular functions. In contemporary society, the persistent escalation of daily stressors has emerged as a fundamental catalyst for circulatory system disorders. This article presents a thorough analysis of a clinical experimental study that meticulously monitored hemodynamic fluctuations, specifically heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and systemic vascular resistance, under conditions of acute psychological stress. The integrated literature review synthesizes current scientific paradigms regarding the complex interplay between the autonomic nervous system and endocrine responses, highlighting sympathetic overdrive and the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The experimental phase demonstrated that exposure to cognitive and social stressors triggers a statistically significant elevation in both chronotropic and inotropic cardiac responses, alongside a marked surge in systolic blood pressure, thereby drastically amplifying myocardial oxygen demand. These empirical findings provide profound insights into the underlying pathophysiological pathways through which recurrent acute stress transitions into chronic allostatic load, ultimately predisposing individuals to ischemic heart disease and essential hypertension. The study conclusively substantiates the critical necessity of incorporating targeted stress management interventions into preventive cardiology and general healthcare frameworks.