Data from: Validation of grain yield QTL from soft winter wheat using a CIMMYT spring wheat panel

Validation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) is an essential step in marker-assisted breeding. The objectives of this study were to validate grain yield (GY) QTL previously identified in soft red winter wheat (SRWW) through biparental and association mapping using the spring wheat association mapping initiative (WAMI) panel from International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico and to identify allele combinations of the validated QTL that resulted to the highest GY. Linked SNP for IWA3560 (3A), IWA1818 (4B), and IWA755 (6B) were significantly associated (P < 0.001) with GY, grain number, and thousand grain weight in the WAMI. Lines possessing the favorable allele for the QTL at the 3A, 4B, and 6B loci (A-C-G allele combination) validated on the WAMI had the highest mean GY at 4.55 t ha-1, but three other haplotypes (A-C-A, G-C-A, and G-C-G) differing by one or two allele in the validated QTL regions were not significantly different. These results validate GY QTL across winter and spring wheat through genome-wide association analysis and further demonstrate the potential for pyramiding favorable alleles for the genetic improvement of wheat breeding populations.数量性状位点（quantitative trait loci, QTL）的验证是标记辅助育种中的关键环节。本研究旨在采用来自墨西哥国际玉米小麦改良中心（International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center, CIMMYT）的春小麦关联作图群体（spring wheat association mapping initiative, WAMI），对此前通过双亲作图与关联作图在软红冬小麦（soft red winter wheat, SRWW）中鉴定出的籽粒产量（grain yield, GY）QTL进行验证，并筛选出可实现最高籽粒产量的已验证QTL等位基因组合。针对IWA3560（3A染色体）、IWA1818（4B染色体）与IWA755（6B染色体）的连锁单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP）位点，在WAMI群体中与籽粒产量、穗粒数及千粒重均呈极显著关联（P < 0.001）。携带3A、4B和6B染色体位点QTL有利等位基因的株系（即A-C-G等位基因组合），其平均籽粒产量最高，达4.55 t ha⁻¹；而其余3种仅在已验证QTL区域存在1或2个等位基因差异的单倍型（A-C-A、G-C-A与G-C-G），其平均籽粒产量与该最优组合无显著差异。本研究通过全基因组关联分析验证了冬小麦与春小麦中的籽粒产量QTL，并进一步证实了通过聚合有利等位基因改良小麦育种群体遗传性状的应用潜力。