Associations of pet ownership with lung function at age 8 years (N = 4,177).

* Compared with children from households where pet was never owned, adjusted for sex of child, maternal history of asthma or allergy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and family adversity index. ** “Age 3 years or later, not before” = owned at or after age 33 months but not at any time before; “Before and after age 3 years” = owned at any time before age 33 months and at any time thereafter; “Before but not after 3 years” = owned at any time before, but not owned at or at any time after, age 33 months. Associations of pet ownership with lung function at age 8 years (N = 4,177).