Long-term project observations for project P574 semester 2025OCTS_12

We request time to observe 270 pulsars on a regular basis in order to achieve three main science goals. The first is to understand pulsars: how do they spin down and what disrupts this process, how and why their profiles vary with time, whether they precess or have planetary mass companions, in short all the things that make pulsar timing noisier than the perfect clock. Secondly we want to understand the interstellar medium of our Galaxy through repeated monitoring of dispersion measure, rotation measure and flux density variations in conjunction with scintillation parameters. Finally, we provide these data as a community service both to the high-energy community where we have strong collaborative links (particularly to Fermi) and to the radio pulsar astronomers generally through the CSIRO archive. The project is on-going since 2007, we are (co-)authors on 107 papers arising from the P574 data. The data have contributed to the PhD theses of students from Bordeaux, Manchester, Oxford, Stanford, and Swinburne. We are seeking long-term project status with a view to continuing the project into the SKA era.

我们申请观测时长以定期对270颗脉冲星开展观测，旨在达成三项核心科学目标。其一，解析脉冲星相关物理机制：包括其自旋减速的过程与干扰因素、脉冲轮廓随时间变化的规律与成因、是否存在进动现象或行星级质量伴星，简言之，即所有会导致脉冲星计时精度劣于理想时钟的相关问题。其二，通过持续监测色散量、旋转量、流量密度的变化，并结合闪烁参数，解析银河系星际介质的物理特性。其三，我们将本项目观测数据作为社区共享服务进行发布：一方面面向拥有紧密合作关系的高能物理共同体（尤其与费米（Fermi）伽马射线望远镜团队），另一方面则通过澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织（Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO）档案库，面向全体射电脉冲星天文学家开放数据。本项目自2007年起持续运行，基于P574项目数据产出的学术论文共计107篇，我们均为（共同）作者。相关数据已助力波尔多大学、曼彻斯特大学、牛津大学、斯坦福大学以及斯威本科技大学的多名学生完成博士学位论文。我们目前正申请将本项目纳入长期运行项目，以期将该项目延续至平方公里阵列（Square Kilometre Array, SKA）时代。