JSBACH simulation dataset in Climate Guide

The land ecosystem model JSBACH was used to produce annual values for key climate change indicators for the period 1981 to 2099. The climate change indicators were derived for all of mainland Finland and they include gross primary production (GPP), total ecosystem respiration (TER), net ecosystem exchange (NEE), and start, end and length of vegetation active period. The mean values are given for four time periods, a baseline (1981–2010) and for three scenario periods (2011–2040, 2041–2070, 2071–2099). Additionally changes from the baseline are given for the scenario periods.
The dataset contains simulations results for selected response variables of JSBACH model for 2 climate change scenarios (RCP4.5, 8.5) and 5 and 4 climate model inputs, respectively.

Processing

Plant functional type distribution in JSBACH simulations for Finland is based on Finnish Corine land cover 2012 data and aggregated to a 0.1 x 0.1 degree geographic grid. Yearly values are calculated from daily model output and further averaged for thirty year periods.

The land surface model resolves plant functional type specific GPP, TER and NEE values for each grid cell within the model domain. Those are subsequently aggregated to grid cell specific values. Start and end of vegetation active period are estimated from GPP using an assumption that GPP of the active period exceeds 15% of the summertime GPP maximum. Agricultural plant functional types have been excluded from calculation of vegetation active period. Values for 30 year periods have further been interpolated to planar grid of resolution of 10km.

https://www.climateguide.fi/articles/ecosystem-modelling

JSBACH present day GPP estimates have been compared against PREBAS (PRELES) model for Finland in Peltoniemi et al (2015). The timing of spring events due to vegetation phenology in Finland has been assessed against satellite observations by Böttcher et al (2016). The ability of the model to estimate the drought risk of Finnish forest ecosystems have been assessed by Gao et al (2016).

Resources

Maps of the climate change indicators and descriptive statistics for Finland or selected regions can be viewed in climateguide.fi under the section ‘Impacts of climate change’. The following indicators are available from JSBACH simulations: gross primary production (GPP), total ecosystem respiration (TER), net ecosystem exchange (NEE)and start, end and length of vegetation active period. The user can select maps showing the mean values for four time periods, a baseline (1981–2010) and for three scenario periods (2011–2040, 2041–2070, 2071–2100). Additionally changes from the baseline can be viewed for a given scenario period.

https://www.climateguide.fi/articles/impact-scenarios-of-climate-change

The data can be accessed via a Web Feature Service (WFS) supporting versions 1.0.0 and 1.1.0. WFS services can be opened in various GIS applications, for example ArcGIS for Desktop and open source desktop application QGIS.

Typically, the GIS applications loads data from a WFS service in a GML (Geography Markup Language) format. Additionally, the Monimet data can be loaded as zip compressed ESRI Shape files, a CSV file or a JSON file.

The service includes 6 feature types representing JSBACH simulations.

tereco_grossphotosynthesisjsbach - Gross primary production, JSBACH model (gC/m2/a)
tereco_netcarbonbalancejsbach - Net ecosystem exchange, JSBACH model (gC/m2/a)
tereco_totalrespirationjsbach - Total ecosystem respiration rate TER, JSBACH model (gC/m2/a)
tereco_vapendjsbach - End of vegetation active period, JSBACH model (day of year)
tereco_vaplengthjsbach - Length of vegetation active period, JSBACH model (days)
tereco_vapstartjsbach - Start of vegetation active period, JSBACH model (day of year)

The attributes of each feature type are labelled as [climateModel]_[emissionScenario]_[timePeriod]_0_[valueType].

There are five climate models.

canesm2bc - CanESM2
cnrmcm5bc - CNRM-CM5
gfdlcm3bc - GFDL-CM3
hadgem2esbc - HadGEM2-ES
miroc5bc - MIROC5

There are three emission scenarios.

rcp26 - RCP 2.6
rcp45 - RCP 4.5
rcp85 - RCP 8.5

The timePeriod includes the start year and the end year of the period respectively.

There are three options for valueType.

rc - relative change
ac - absolute change
av - value

For example, the attribute labeled as hadgem2es_rcp45_20712100_0_ac describes the climate model HadGEM2-ES, the emission scenario RCP 4.5, a time period from 2011 to 2040 and absolute changes.

https://paikkatiedot.ymparisto.fi/geoserver/ilmo-climateguide/wms?request=getcapabilities

Maps of the climate change indicators and descriptive statistics for Finland or selected regions can be viewed in climateguide.fi under the section ‘Impacts of climate change’. The following indicators are available from JSBACH simulations: gross primary production (GPP), total ecosystem respiration (TER), net ecosystem exchange (NEE)and start, end and length of vegetation active period. The user can select maps showing the mean values for four time periods, a baseline (1981–2010) and for three scenario periods (2011–2040, 2041–2070, 2071–2100). Additionally changes from the baseline can be viewed for a given scenario period.

https://www.climateguide.fi/articles/impact-scenarios-of-climate-change