<p>Effects of fentanyl and buprenorphine on cardiovascular parameters. Systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) of chicken embryos on ED17 at 15, 30, and 60 min after application of NaCl, fentanyl, or buprenorphine. Values are shown as the mean ± SD. Normally distributed data (HR, MAP, DAP) were analyzed using ordinary one-way ANOVA. For nonparametric data (SAP) a Kruskal-Wallis test was performed. Superscripts within the HR row indicate significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). Significant differences in HR were observed between Fentanyl 15 min and Fentanyl 30 min.</p>

Effects of fentanyl and buprenorphine on cardiovascular parameters. Systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) of chicken embryos on ED17 at 15, 30, and 60 min after application of NaCl, fentanyl, or buprenorphine. Values are shown as the mean ± SD. Normally distributed data (HR, MAP, DAP) were analyzed using ordinary one-way ANOVA. For nonparametric data (SAP) a Kruskal-Wallis test was performed. Superscripts within the HR row indicate significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). Significant differences in HR were observed between Fentanyl 15 min and Fentanyl 30 min.